在Oracle 8i中,往往会出现要在存储过程中运行操作系统命令的情况.一般来说,利用Oracle Enterprise Manager设定作业时可以达到这个目的.但是由于OEM在设定作业缺乏灵活性,设定的作业的参数是固定的.在实际应用当中往往需要在SQL语句当中运行需要随时运行操作系统命令.Oracle 8i没有直接运行OS命令的语句,我们可以利用DBMS_PIPE
程序包实现这一要求.
DBMS_PIPE通过创建管道,可以让至少两个进程进行通信.Oracle的管道与操作系统的管道在概念上有相同的地方,但是在实现机制不同.
下面介绍实现具体步骤:
1 创建一个
程序包,姑且起名叫DAEMON,SQL语句如下:
/*创建daemon
程序包*/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY daemon AS
/*execute_system是实现运行os命令的函数*/
FUNCTION execute_system(command VARCHAR2,
timeout NUMBER DEFAULT 10)
RETURN NUMBER IS
status NUMBER;
result VARCHAR2(20);
command_code NUMBER;
pipe_name VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
pipe_name := DBMS_PIPE.UNIQUE_SESSION_NAME;
DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE(''''SYSTEM'''');
DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE(pipe_name);
DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE(command);
/*向daemon管道发送表示命令的字符*/
status := DBMS_PIPE.SEND_MESSAGE(''''daemon'''', timeout);
IF status <> 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20010,
''''Execute_system: Error while sending. Status = '''' || status);
END IF;
status := DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE(pipe_name, timeout);
IF status <> 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20011,
''''Execute_system: Error while receiving.
Status = '''' || status);
END IF;
/*获取返回结果*/
DBMS_PIPE.UNPACK_MESSAGE(result);
IF result <> ''''done'''' THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20012,
''''Execute_system: Done not received.'''');
END IF;
DBMS_PIPE.UNPACK_MESSAGE(command_code);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(''''System command executed. result = '''' ||
command_code);
RETURN command_code;
END execute_system;
/*stop是让daemon停止*/
PROCEDURE stop(timeout NUMBER DEFAULT 10) IS
status NUMBER;
BEGIN
DBMS_PIPE.PACK_MESSAGE(''''STOP'''');
status := DBMS_PIPE.SEND_MESSAGE(''''daemon'''', timeout);
IF status <> 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20030,
''''stop: error while sending. status = '''' || status);
END IF;
END stop;
END daemon;
通过Sql*Plus运行以上语句,将为当前用户创建daemon
程序包.
2 创建在OS上运行的守护进程,监听由上面的daemon
程序包发来的要求执行os命令的语句.以下Pro*C的代码,必须由pro*c先进行预编译.
#include
#include
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA;
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
char *uid = "scott/tiger";/*在这个地方改为你自己访问的用户,密码,服务名*/
int status;
VARCHAR command[20];
VARCHAR value[2000];
VARCHAR return_name[30];
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;
void
connect_error()
{
char msg_buffer[512];
int msg_length;
int buffer_size = 512;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
sqlglm(msg_buffer, &buffer_size, &msg_length);
printf("Daemon error while connecting:\n");
printf("%.*s\n", msg_length, msg_buffer);
printf("Daemon quitting.\n");
exit(1);
}
void
sql_error()
{
char msg_buffer[512];
int msg_length;
int buffer_size = 512;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
sqlglm(msg_buffer, &buffer_size, &msg_length);
printf