三维俄罗斯方块程序设计与实现

论文字数:11928,页数:37  有开题报告，任务书

摘    要

 随着三维图形技术的发展，3D游戏能创造更加真实、绚丽、壮观的虚拟世界，带给玩家更真实、强烈的视觉冲击，电脑游戏目前正朝着三维空间、智能化、网络化等多方向发展。 因此早期的很多二维游戏在如今多姿多彩的三维游戏中已经黯然失色，如果能给在早期的二维游戏中加入三维和更多的游戏元素，便能给它带来更多新鲜活力。
 俄罗斯方块是电脑游戏发展史中早期最为经典的游戏之一，经常能在掌上游戏机、手机以及电脑上见到这个游戏。不过，以往常见的俄罗斯方块游戏是二维平面上的，并且大多以黑白的形式出现，当然在电脑上可以看到多中颜色的俄罗斯方块。
 本课题在学习和研究DirectX 3D技术上，设计并实现三维空间的俄罗斯方块。该程序实现了俄罗斯方块的基本功能，如移动、变形、消行等，在程序中运用了3D粒子系统实现简单的飘雪场景，这样使得游戏不再单调，除此之外，在程序的渲染过程中使用了Vertex Shader技术，使用它来代替了固定渲染管道的顶点转换和光照计算，按我们自己的方式处理顶点和光照。

关键词：俄罗斯方块；Vertex Shader；3D粒子系统；矩阵变换

 programming and realization of 3-dimensional Russia block
Abstract
With the development of 3-dimensional graphics technology, 3 D game can create a more real ,florid and spectacular world, bring the real, intense impingement to
players , computer games are developing to multidimensional, intellectualized, network-relation at present. Therefore many two-dimensional games seem eclipsed compare to the varied and graceful three-dimensional games , if we can change these two-dimensional games to three-dimensional and add more game element, these two-dimensional games maybe become vigorous.
The Russia block is one of most classical early game in the phylogeny of computer game , this game often can be seen on the palm game machine , mobile telephone and computer. However, in the past Russia block games are two-dimensional, and mostly just have two color, black and white。
the goal of this task is to  study and research 3D graphics technologies and the knowledge of the DirectX, then to design and realize the game of three-dimensional Russia block, This program has realized the fundamental functions of Russia block, such as moving , transforming , disappearing lines and so on, and create a snowing sense that make the game no longer monotony with a 3D particle system , besides, it use the Vertex Shader technology in process of rendering objects in the game, with this technology, we can produce the vertexes and pixels in our own way, rather then transforming and lighting vertexes in fixed function pipeline which use the fixed method to produce vertexes and pixels and the effect is not what we want。
Keywords: Russia block; Vertex Shader; 3D particle system; Matrix transform
目    录
1 绪论 5
1.1 课题背景及目的 5
1.2 国内外研究状况 6
1.3 论文构成及研究内容 8
2 系统分析 9
2.1 应解决的问题 9
2.2 实现环境与技术 9
2.3 系统性能需求 10
2.4 系统功能需求 10
3 系统设计思想与总体设计 10
3.1 游戏控制设计 10
3.1.1 按键设定 11
3.1.2 视角控制 11
3.1.3 移动及形变控制 11
3.2 程序功能设计 12
3.2.1 方块的构造 12
3.2.2 方块的碰撞检测 15
3.2.3 方块的变形 15
4 图像渲染技术简介 17
4.1 顶点及像素着色器 17
4.1.1 顶点及像素着色器简介 17
4.1.2 顶点及像素着色器的运用 18
4.2 3D粒子系统 20
4.2.1 3D粒子系统介绍 20
4.2.2 3D粒子系统应用 21
5 系统实现 28
5.1 系统基本功能实现 28
5.2 环境映射贴图 30
5.3 飘雪场景实现 31
6 实验结果 32
结论 35
致谢 35
参考文献 36