ATmega16是基于增强的AVR RISC结构的低功耗8位CMOS微控制器。由于其先进的指令集以及单时钟周期指令执行时间，ATmega16 的数据吞吐率高达 1MIPS/MHz，从而可以缓减系统在功耗和处理速度之间的矛盾。
AVR 内核具有丰富的指令集和 32 个通用工作寄存器。所有的寄存器都直接与算逻单元(ALU) 相连接，使得一条指令可以在一个时钟周期内同时访问两个独立的寄存器。这种结构大大提高了代码效率，并且具有比普通的 CISC微控制器最高至 10倍的数据吞吐率。
The ATmega16 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega16 achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.
The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers.
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