有机硅阳离子乳液的制备及优化研究

论文编号:HG198  论文字数:10447,页数:20

摘要：有机硅阳离子乳液具有制备方法简单容易，产品效果好等优点，近年来一直受到人们的密切关注。但该工艺存在一个比较大缺陷，即聚合过程中的稳定性，如果控制不力，将出现严重的“飘油”现象。因此本研究将以八甲基环四硅氧烷（D4）为单体、KOH为催化剂，采用复合乳化剂进行环硅氧烷阳离子乳液聚合。在此基础上，详细讨论了搅拌速度、催化剂用量、温度、阳离子型乳化剂用量、非离子型乳化剂用量及种类、水油比等对聚合速率、乳液稳定性和分子量的影响。并最终获得优化的工艺配方：乳化剂1用量为6.9%，乳化剂2用量为3.4%,乳化剂3用量为2.9%，催化剂KOH用量为1%（均相对单体重量比）,搅拌速率为250rpm，水油比为120：70，聚合温度为70℃。

关键词：环硅氧烷；乳液聚合；聚合速率；稳定性

Abstract: In recent years, we have been paying close attention to the silicone cationic emulsion, whose preparation method is simple and easy. But the relative fatal flaw of the process is the stability of the polymerization process. There will be serious "Floating Oil" phenomenon if controlled ineffectively. So this experiment will be conducted using D4 as the monomer, and KOH as catalyst composite emulsifier cyclosiloxane cationic polymerization. On this basis, we discussed detailedly the stirring speed, amount of catalyst, temperature, cationic emulsifier, nonionic emulsifier type, water-oil ratio on the polymerization rate, emulsion stability and the molecular weight. Finally, we have taken the optimization formula: the amount of emulsifier a is 6.9%, the amount of emulsifier b is 3.4%, the amount of emulsifier c is 2.9%, the amount of catalyst is 1% ( all relative weight ratio to monomer ),the mixing speed is 250rpm, the water-oil ratio is 120 to 70, the reaction temperature is 70℃.

Keywords: Cyclosiloxane; Emulsion polymerization; Polymerization rate; Stability
目  录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要: II
目  录 III
1. 绪论 1
 1.1有机硅概述 1
   1.1.1国外有机硅生产现状 1
 1.1.2国内有机硅现状 2
1.2 乳液聚合概述 3
1.3 阳离子乳液聚合机理 4
1.4 本课题的提出 5
2. 实验部分 6
 2.1主要原料和试剂 6
2.2 主要仪器和设备 6
2.3 实验步骤 7
2.4 样品测试 8
3. 结果与讨论 9
3.1 搅拌速度的影响 9
3.2 催化剂用量的影响 10
3.3 温度的影响 11
3.4 阳离子乳化剂用量的影响 11
3.5 非离子乳化剂用量的影响 11
3.6 水油比的影响 12
3.7 其他非离子乳化剂的影响 12
4. 结论与展望 14
4.1结论 14
4.2 展望 15
致  谢 15
参考文献 16