目 录
1 绪论 1
1．1 课题研究背景 1
1．2 课题研究现状 1
1．3 课题研究内容 3
2 数字信号处理系统综述 4
2．1 数字信号处理概述 4
2．2 数字信号处理系统的优势 5
2．3 数字信号处理的基础理论 5
3 系统介绍 13
3．1 系统设计 13
3．2 系统的工作原理及组成 14
3．3 系统器件的选型及特点 15
3．4 系统硬件分析 19
3．5 系统软件组成和分析 20
4 采集系统设计 20
4．1 A/D采样通道设计 21
4．2 电源转换电路设计 23
4．3 DSP与AIC23连接电路设计 24
4．4 ADA接口设计 24
4．5 CPLD接口设计 25
4．6 存储器简单设计 25
4．7 基于DSP数据采集的实现 26
4．8 CCS中的核心数据采集代码 34
5 DSP中的Zoom FFT程序设计 38
5．1 利用FFT对信号进行谱分析 38
5．2 Zoom FFT算法综述 45
5．3 Zoom FFT算法的实现 48
5．4 程序测试与结果分析 55
5．5 本章小结 59
6 基于DSP的小波变换程序设计 59
6．1 小波变换实用价值 59
6．2 快速小波算法的实现 60
6．3 快速小波算法具体实现 61
6．4 系统调试及测试 72
6．5 本章小结 75
7 基于USB2.0的数据采集程序 75
7．1 引言 76
7．2 USB 2.0 技术 76
7．3 程序的软件设计 79
7．4 程序设计关键技术 79
7．5 程序的系统设计 81
7．6 USB设备驱动设计 82
7．7 应用程序的设计 84
7．8 程序测试 97
7．9 本章小结 100
8 系统结果分析 100
总结 104
致谢 106
参考文献 107
附录A 系统原理图 109
附录B 开发环境 110
附录C 113
摘要
振动的测试与分析在科学研究和工业生产等领域有着广泛的应用。随着工程结构的愈加巨型化以及工业产品设计得愈加微型化、精巧和复杂化，对于振动的测试与分析的要求也越来越高。因此，设计实现一个实时的高精度的振动测试与分析系统有着重要的意义。本系统主要分为前台的接口硬件和后台的分析程序两大部分，其中前台的接口硬件主要负责振动信号的采集和处理；后台的分析程序负责显示和分析处理后的结果。而将前台与后台连接起来的桥梁就是USB2.0接口芯片，通过其可以从DSP芯片中将处理后的数据采集到PC机中。根据需求编写了振动信号的采集程序、信号频谱的处理程序（包括Zoom FFT程序和快速小波变换程序）以及基于USB的采集程序。
关键词 振动信号，实时采集，Zoom FFT，小波变换，USB2.0
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title DSP-based Vibration Testing And Analysis
Abstract
Vibration testing and analysis has widely used in the scientific research and industrial production .With the growing size of structural engineering as well as industrial products designed to be even more miniaturized, sophisticated and complicated, the demand for vibration testing and analysis is increasingly grow. So, researching for the DSP-based vibration testing and analysis has practical significance. This system is mainly divided into the back interface hardware and front analysis procedure. The front interface hardware is mainly responsible for collecting and processing vibration signal; Background analysis program is responsible for display and analysis the processed results; The bridge which link
the front with background is the USB2.0 interface chip. The processed data will be collected in a PC through its DSP chips. According to the demand, we develop the collecting program of the vibration signals, Spectrum Signal processing program (Zoom FFT and wavelet transform program) and USB-based collecting program.
Keywords vibration signal, real-time collecting, Zoom FFT, wavelet transform, USB2.0
3．1 系统设计
本系统设计目的是一个振动信号采集和信号处理的系统。该系统主要分为3个部分，即数据采集部分、基于DSP信号的处理和基于USB的数据采集。系统的方案设计，决定了系统的功能。信号采集部分的主要功能是能够完成对4路信号的采集，并将采集到的数据存放在DSP中，在DSP中进行处理（Zoom FFT、小波变换等），通过 USB 接口将处理的结果传到 PC 机上面显示出来。同时设计了信号源电路，使其能根据要求，产生相应的信号。本部分对系统的结构作了论述，同时详细介绍了系统主要选用的器件的选型。本系统总体上分为硬件和软件两大部分，软件工作主要是结合硬件，编写相应的程序，实现信号采集、分析以及信号源的功能。本课题的提出，是以高性能的DSP处理器和USB2.0的总线技术为基础的。本系统的采集模块具有高精度（分辨率24位）、动态范围大（DR≥106dB）的特点，每个通道的最大分析频率为50KHz。同时采用高性能数字信号处理器TMS
3．2 系统的工作原理及组成
基于振动信号测试和分析系统的组成框图如图3.1所示，其工作过程为：系统通电以后，初始化ADS1271，DSP将采集到的数据信号下载到内部ROM中运行。PC机端的应用程序通过USB向DSP发送控制字，使DSP产生中断。DSP接收并解析控制字，然后根据要求设置ADS1271的工作模式以及TLV320AIC23产生何种信号。A/DC按设定方式工作，并将采集到的数据送到SDRAM存储区。每采集到128个点，DSP就把数据传送到PC机。本系统的设计需要对采集到的数据进行实时在线分析，在DSP中对采集到的数据进行ZOOMFFT和小波变换处理，然后再通过USB将处理后的数据传送到PC机。DSP同时根据控制字来产生数据，并通过McBSP把数据发到送D/AC（TLV320AIC23）中，使其产生相应的信号。
CPLD在整个系统中，起着很大的作用。由它来判断USB的FIFO的空满状态，以便DSP向PC机发送数据。DSP运行需要的FLASH和SDRAM的存储器的地址也由它来产生。
Directory
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research Project Background 1
1.2 Research Project Status 1
1.3 subject research content 3
2 Digital Signal Processing System Overview 4
2.1 Digital Signal Processing Overview 4
2.2 The advantages of digital signal processing system 5
2.3 The basic theory of digital signal processing 5
3 System Introduction 13
3.1 System Design 13
3.2 system, working principle and composition of the 14
3.3 Selection and characteristics of the system devices 15
3.4 System Hardware Analysis 19
3.5 system software composition and analysis 20
4 Acquisition System Design 20
4.1 A / D sampling channel design 21
4.2 Power Conversion Circuit Design 23
4.3 DSP circuit 24 connected with the AIC23
4.4 ADA Interface Design 24
4.5 CPLD Interface Design 25
4.6 Memory simple design 25
4.7 Based on DSP Data Acquisition 26
4.8 CCS in the core data acquisition code 34
5 DSP in the Zoom FFT program design 38
5.1 the use of FFT spectral analysis of 38 pairs of signals
5.2 Zoom FFT Algorithm 45
5.3 Zoom FFT Algorithm 48
5.4 The procedures for testing and results analysis of 55
5.5 Chapter Summary 59
6 Based on Wavelet Transform DSP programming 59
6.1 Wavelet Transform practical value to 59
6.2 Fast Wavelet Algorithm 60
6.3 Fast Wavelet Algorithm for concrete realization of 61
6.4 system debugging and testing 72
6.5 Chapter Summary 75
7 Based on USB2.0 data acquisition program 75
7.1 Introduction 76
7.2 USB 2.0 technology, 76
7.3 Software Design 79 programs
7.4 Programming key technology 79
7.5 program system design 81
7.6 USB Device Driver Design 82
7.7 Application Design 84
7.8 Test Procedure 97
7.9 Chapter Summary 100
8 Systems Analysis 100
Summary 104
Thanks 106
References 107
Appendix A system diagram 109
Appendix B Development Environment 110
Appendix C 113
Abstract
Vibration testing and analysis in areas such as scientific research and industrial production has a wide range of applications. With the increasingly large engineering structures, as well as industrial products designed to be of even more miniaturization, sophisticated and complex, for vibration testing and analysis requirements are getting higher and higher. Therefore, the design to achieve a high precision real-time vibration testing and analysis system has an important significance. The system can be divided into foreground and background of the interface hardware, the analysis of two major programs, including the interface hardware, is mainly responsible for front vibration signal acquisition and processing; background analysis program for display and analysis of treatment results. While the front and back is a bridge linking the USB2.0 interface chip, through its DSP chip from the data acquisition will be treated to a PC machine. Prepared on demand vibration signal acquisition procedure, the signal processing of the spectrum (including the Zoom FFT procedure and fast wavelet transform process), as well as USB-based acquisition program.
Key words vibration signals, real-time collection, Zoom FFT, wavelet transform, USB2.0
Graduation Project Manual (Thesis) Foreign Summary
Title DSP-based Vibration Testing And Analysis
Abstract
Vibration testing and analysis has widely used in the scientific research and industrial production. With the growing size of structural engineering as well as industrial products designed to be even more miniaturized, sophisticated and complicated, the demand for vibration testing and analysis is increasingly grow. So , researching for the DSP-based vibration testing and analysis has practical significance. This system is mainly divided into the back interface hardware and front analysis procedure. The front interface hardware is mainly responsible for collecting and processing vibration signal; Background analysis program is responsible for display and analysis the processed results; The bridge which link
the front with background is the USB2.0 interface chip. The processed data will be collected in a PC through its DSP chips. According to the demand, we develop the collecting program of the vibration signals, Spectrum Signal processing program (Zoom FFT and wavelet transform program) and USB-based collecting program.
Keywords vibration signal, real-time collecting, Zoom FFT, wavelet transform, USB2.0
3.1 System Design
The system is designed to a vibration signal acquisition and signal processing systems. The system is mainly divided into three parts, namely data collection part of the DSP-based signal processing and USB-based data acquisition. System design, determine the function of the system. Signal acquisition part of the key features is the ability to complete 4-channel signal acquisition, and the collected data is stored in the DSP, in DSP, processing (Zoom FFT, wavelet transform, etc.), through the USB interface will handle the results reached PC, shown above. At the same time the signal source circuit is designed so that it can be requested to produce a corresponding signal. This section of the structure of the system are discussed, while details of the system is mainly selected device selection. The overall system is divided into two parts, hardware and software, the software is mainly a combination of hardware, write the corresponding program to achieve signal acquisition, analysis, and function of the signal source. The proposal of this topic are based on high-performance DSP processor and USB2.0 bus technology-based. Acquisition module of this system has a high accuracy (resolution 24-bit), large dynamic range (DR ≥ 106dB) of the characteristics of each channel the maximum analysis frequency of 50KHz. At the same time using high-performance digital signal processor TMS320C6713, allowing the system with real-time analysis. The system also has a signal source part, able to generate a signal. High-speed USB 2.0 interface to ensure that the system can be real-time data transmission with the PC machine.
3.2 The system works and composition of the
Based on Vibration Signal test and analysis system block diagram shown in Figure 3.1, its working process as follows: the system power after the initialization ADS1271, DSP will collect the data signal downloaded to the internal ROM to run. PC-side application through the USB to the DSP to send control words to DSP interrupt. DSP receive and parse control word, and then requested to set ADS1271''s operating mode, as well as TLV320AIC23 what the signals. A / DC by setting mode, and will collect the data sent to the SDRAM stores. Each collected 128 points, DSP put the data to the PC. The design of this system requires the data collected in real-time on-line analysis, in the DSP against collected data ZOOMFFT and wavelet transform processing, and then will be processed through the USB data transfer to the PC. DSP at the same time to produce the data under the control word, and through McBSP to send the data sent to D / AC (TLV320AIC23) in to produce a corresponding signal.
CPLD in the whole system, plays a big role. To judge by its USB-FIFO empty full status in order to DSP to send data to the PC machine. DSP needed for the operation of FLASH, and SDRAM memory addresses by it to generate.
