基于单片机的智能电表设计

论文编号:CK110   论文字数:29991,页数:64

摘 要随着经济的迅速发展，用电量日益增加，为电网的稳定运行带来了诸多不良。国家采取多费率用电政策，以消峰填谷，平衡用电。复费率电能表己经模取代了单一费率电能表。随着单片机技术的日益发展，以单片机为主控的电子式电能表的生产已成规模。但是价格低廉、运行稳定、可靠性高、扰能力强的电子式电能表还有待开发。本文首先综述了多功能电子式电能表的发展现状及电能测量的基本，重点对ΣA/D转换原理进行分析。论文在对电能计量和数字信号处理理论研究的基础上，以美国ADI公司生ADE7755为电能计量芯片，以PIC16F877为主要控制芯片，利用单片机技设计开发了一款单相复费率智能电子式电能表。硬件外围电路采用模块化。其中电压电流采样模块实现了将电网中的不可直接测量的大电压大电流成为可以用来处理测量的小电压小电流。电源模块为整个智能电表提供了的电源。数据存储模块，红外通信模块和RS485通信模块的设计完成了电息的及时存储和交换。LCD模块为用户提供了清晰，实时的电量信息。软件启动前的动态自检程序，计量电量的电能脉冲采集程序，数据信息处理和的数据存储程序，通讯中断子程序。在单片机的核心控制下，实现了电子能表电能分时段计量、数据通信等功能。关键词:电子式电能表，ADE7755，电能计量，信号处理

ABSTRACTWith the development of economy and the increasement of the electrical quantity, the running of the grid is threaten heavily. Countries to take multi-rate electricity policy to the peak and valley filling, balanced power. Multi-rate watt-hour meter has been replaced by a single-mode rate meter. With the increasing development of single chip technology based on single chip main control of the Electronic Energy Meter scale of production has become. However, low-cost, stable operation, high reliability and interference ability of the electronic power meters have to be developed.
    This paper reviews the multi-function electronic energy meter energy measurement situation and the development of basic, focusing on the ΣA / D conversion principle for analysis. Articles in the energy measurement and digital signal processing theory, based on the United States for the ADI Corporation Health ADE7755 energy metering chips to the main control chip PIC16F877, using SCM technology designed and developed a single-phase multi-rate electronic energy smart Table. Modular hardware peripheral circuits voltage and current sampling module that will power can not be directly measured in a large voltage and high current can be used to deal with a small voltage and small current measurement. The source module provides the whole system stable power. Data storage module, infrared communication module and RS485 module can storage and exchange the power information. LCD module provides users with clear and real-time energy information. Software includes dynamic checking module, power pulse collection module, data storing and exchanging module, interrupted Communication module. Under the control of the single chip PIC16F877, the whole system can measure the electrical quantity in different periods of time and finishes the data exchanging.Key Words: electronic Watt-hour Meter, ADE7755, energy measurement, signal processing

目 录
中文摘要...................................................................II
英文摘要..................................................................III
第1章 绪论.........................................................1
 1.1电能表行业发展现状及前景分析..........................................1
    1.2电能表行业发展状况及特征..............................................2
           1.3电能表的发展趋势及现..................................................3
    1.4电能表的分类..........................................................6
    1.5课题的理论意义和实际应用价值..........................................9
    1.6课题研究的主要内容....................................................9
第2章 电能计量和信号处理理论............................................10
 2.1电能计且分析.........................................................10
  2.2模数转换.............................................................14
           2.3数字滤波.............................................................19
第3章 电子式电能表的设计................................................22
    3.1 电能表总体设计方案框图...............................................22
    3.2控制芯片P1Cl6F877....................................................23
 3.2.1 核心区域和外围模块区域.........................................25
 3.3电能计量模块..........................................................26
 3.3.1基本原理........................................................26
 3.3.2芯片功能引脚...................................................30
    3.4电源模块.............................................................32
 3.4.1电源端的干扰防护...............................................32
 3.5电压电流采样模块.....................................................33
 3.6时钟模块.............................................................34
 3.7数据存储模块.........................................................35
 3.8RS-485通信模块.......................................................36
 3.9红外通信模块.........................................................38
 3.10看门狗电路..........................................................40
 3.11LCD显示电路.........................................................42
第4章 电子式智能电能表的软件设计..................................44
 4.1主程序...............................................................44
 4.2动态自检程序.........................................................44
 4.3电能脉冲采集程序.....................................................45
 4.4数据存储程序.........................................................47
 4.5通讯中断子程序.......................................................49
第五章 总结........................................................53
致 谢.......................................................................54
参考文献...................................................................55
附录 硬件模块电路原理图............................................57