洗衣机的智能控制系统设计

论文编号:CK115   论文字数:13185,页数:33

摘  要
 纵观洗衣机市场，高效节能、省水、省电、环保型洗衣机一直在市场上占主导地位。随着社会经济的发展和科学技术水平的提高，家庭电器全自动化成为必然的发展趋势。全自动洗衣机的产生极大的方便了人们的生活。随着数字技术的快速发展，数字技术被广泛应用于智能控制的领域中。单片机以体积小、功能全、价格低廉、开发方便的优势得到了许多电子系统设计者的青睐。本系统实现了对洗衣机整个洗衣过程的控制，包括用户参数输入、洗衣、脱水和结束演奏四个阶段。控制系统主要由电源电路、数字控制电路和机械控制电路三大模块构成。电源电路为数字控制电路提供稳定的5V直流电压，为电动机提供220V市电；数字控制电路负责控制洗衣机的工作过程，本文采用AT89C52 单片机对洗衣机进行智能控制，通过74LS138 译码器、水位检测机构、LED 数码显示器、键盘等硬件设计实现了洗衣机工作过程的自动化。机械控制电路实现水位检测、电机驱动、进水、排水等功能，主要由水位检测器、电动机、传动系统部件、进水排水电磁阀组成。应用表明该系统具有洗涤（强洗、弱洗）、脱水、定时以及洗涤次数和动作编程等功能，从而极大地提高效率、降低功耗、减少噪声。

关键词：单片机；智能洗衣机；智能控制

Abstract
Along with the social economy development and the science and technology level enhancement, the family electric appliance entire automation becomes the inevitable development tendency. Fully automatic washing machines have a great deal of convenience to people''s lives. With the rapid development of digital technology, digital technology has been widely used in the field of intelligent control. To the size of a small single-chip, full-featured, low cost, easy development of a number of advantages in favor of electronic systems designers. The system of washing machines control the entire laundry process, including user input parameters, laundry, dehydration and the end of the four stages of play. Control system mainly by the power circuit, digital control circuitry and mechanical control circuit of the three modules. Power supply circuit for the digital control circuit to provide a stable DC voltage of 5V for the Motor City to provide 220V power; digital control circuitry responsible for controlling the working process of washing machines. This paper is based on single-chip microcomputer, which carries on washing machine''s intelligent control. AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer is used to control a washing machine, carried by 74LS138 decoder、detector of water level、LED numeral display、keyboard and so on to realize the automation of washing machine''s work. Mechanical control of water level detection circuit, motor driver, water, drainage and other functions, mainly by the water level detectors, motor, drive system components, the composition of water drainage solenoid valve. The application indicates that the system functions include washing (strong washing and soft washing)、dehydration、fixed time、times of washing and motion programming. Therefore, the machine can enhance its efficiency、lower energy consumption and reduce noise.
 
 
Keywords：Single-chip Microcomputer；Smart Washing Machines；Intelligent Control

目 录
摘要   II
1 前言 1
2 洗衣机的发展过程 2
2.1  洗衣机的历史 2
2.2  洗衣机的现状 3
2.3  洗衣机的发展趋势 4
 3  洗衣机的分类 7
 3.1  按自动化程度分 7
 3.2  按洗衣结构分 7
 3.3  按洗涤方式分 7
4  总体设计 9
5  硬件设计 .  10
     5.1  概述 10
     5.2  各硬件介绍 11
               5.3  硬件设计 16
        6  软件设计  20
 6.1  软件设计 20
 6.2  抗干扰问题 20
     7  总结 23
致谢 24
参考文献 25
附录1 26