洋甘菊精油超临界二氧化碳提取工艺研究

论文编号:HG112  论文字数:13401,页数:30

摘  要：采用超临界CO2流体萃取技术对洋甘菊中精油的萃取工艺进行了研究，考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间以及分离器条件等工艺参数对浸膏得率和萃取产物品质的影响。经过试验，确定了洋甘菊浸膏萃取的工艺条件为：萃取压力20MPa，萃取温度50℃，萃取时间2.0 h，浸膏得率为3.74%。在此萃取条件下，初步研究了采用了三步分离的方法初步优化分离精油和杂质组分，得到的洋甘菊精油得率为0.16%。对得到的精油产品进行气相色谱分析，并与传统的水蒸气蒸馏和溶剂提取进行了比较，结果显示采用超临界CO2流体萃取洋甘菊精油具有较明显的优势。同时对洋甘菊超临界CO2流体萃取得到的浸膏进行了分子蒸馏的初步研究，初步得到了洋甘菊浸膏的分离工艺参数为蒸馏温度120℃、真空度3.0Pa、转速350r /min、出油率为7.26%。
关键词：洋甘菊；精油 ；超临界CO2萃取；分子蒸馏

The Research on Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Essential Oil from the Flower of Chamomile

Abstract: The essential oil from the flower of chamomile was extracted with supercritical CO2. Influences of extraction pressure, temperature, extraction time and separation conditions on the yield and the quality of extractive were investigated. The yield of extractive was 3.74 % at appropriate conditions of pressure 20MPa , temperature 50 ℃and extraction time 2.0 h .At this extraction conditions, the yield of essential oil was 0.16% while the three step separation was used to optimize the separation of essential oil from unwanted components. The results of supercritical CO2 extraction experiments were compared with those obtained with steam distillation and maceration. The obtained essential oil were analysed by GC. It can be concluded, that SFE offers considerable advantages over the conventional method of steam distillation and maceration for separation of essential oil compounds from chamomile. The technology of molecular distillation of concretes from chamomile were also studied.. The results showed that the appropriate refining conditions were determined as distillation temperature 120℃,pressure 3. 0 Pa and scratch speed 350 r/ min. Yield of refined chamomile essential oil reached 7.26 %.
Keywords：Chamomile; essential oil; supercritical CO2 extraction; molecular distillation

目录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 III
1  绪论 1
 1.1  概述 1
 1.2  洋甘菊精油的应用 1
 1.3  洋甘菊精油的提取国内外现状 1
 1.4  研究内容概述 5
2  实验部分 6
 2.1  实验材料与试剂 7
 2.2  实验方法 7
3  结果与讨论 11
 3.1  洋甘菊的超临界CO2流体萃取工艺研究 11
 3.2  超临界CO2分子蒸馏耦合分离 20
4  总结与展望 22
 4.1  总结 22
 4.2  展望 22
致谢 24
参考文献 25