论文编号:ZD219 包括任务书,论文,CAD图,答辩PPT,调查报告,外文翻译,论文字数:16467,页数:47
摘 要
客车的拉伸设备是用于客车侧蒙皮与骨架装配的大型设备,它是将侧蒙皮拉伸后焊在客车骨架上的关键设备之一。拉伸系统是以液压为动力的机械拉伸设备,由基础轨道、拉伸架、拉伸头及液压系统组成。此系统是一套用于多种车型、多种工艺、结构先进机械化程度高的先进蒙皮装配系统,采用该设备可以大幅度提高车体蒙皮张拉质量,提高工作效率,减轻工人劳动强度。
论文设计的拉伸机设备是一套完整的拉伸系统，作为拉伸机设备的重要组成部分，拉伸头设计的好坏直接关系到了蒙皮拉伸质量的优劣，拉伸头主要由升降装置，夹紧装置，推靠装置，拉伸装置四部分构成。论文在机械结构方面对拉伸，推靠，夹紧三装置的结构和功能作了深入细致的分析，计算并校核了有关结构；液压方面选择了部分元件，绘制了液压原理图，并对其动作过程作了简要说明；电气方面用PLC编程实现了升降，拉伸，推靠，夹紧动作循环。本论文为客车厂家的有关人员在探讨蒙皮拉伸问题提供了参考，也可直接用于拉伸机设备的设计制造与生产。
关键词：客车 拉伸机 拉伸头 PLC
ABSTRACT
The draw equipment of the passenger car is used for the heavy-duty equipment that side skin and skeleton of passenger train assemble, it is one of the key equipment welded on the passenger car skeleton after drawing the side skin. Draw system taking hydraulic pressure as power machinery draw equipment , by basic track , draw shelf , is it act personally to draw and hydraulic pressure system make up. This system is used in many kinds of style, many kinds of craft, structure advanced mechanized degree high advanced skin assembly system, adopt this equipment can improve car body cover with hide draw quality , raise working efficiency by a large margin, lighten worker''s labour intensity.
The draw machine equipment that this thesis designed is a set of intact draw systems, as important component of equipment of drawing etc., draw quality direct relation designed to act personally reach skin draw quality of quality, draw and act personally and hoist or lower the device mainly, clamp the device , push and lean against the device , four parts are formed to draw the device. The thesis is right to draw in machinery , push away and depend on , clamp, three devices of structure and function have made a throughgoing and painstaking analysis, has calculated and checked relevant structure; Have chosen some components in hydraulic pressure, has drawn the principle picture of the hydraulic pressure, and has made brief illustration to its movement course; Go up and down with the programming realization of PLC in the electric respect, draw , push away and depend on, clamp movement circulation. Thesis this probe into for relevant personnel , passenger car of producer skin draw question offer reference, can use for person who draw design of equipment make and produce directly.
Keyword: Passenger car The drawing machine Draw and act personally PLC
目 录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 课题来源及意义 1
1.2 传统工艺极其缺陷 1
1.3 国内外技术发展现状 1
1.4 拉伸机设备的特点及与传统工艺经济效益的比较 2
1.4.1 拉伸机设备的特点 2
1.4.2 与传统工艺的经济效益比较 2
第2章 设计任务及总体方案的确定 3
2.1 设计任务 3
2.2 总体结构方案的确定 3
第3章 机械结构设计与计算 5
3.1 夹紧装置 5
3.1.1 结构设计及功能分析 5
3.2 拉伸装置 11
3.2.1 结构设计及功能分析 11
3.2.2 计算与校核 12
3.3 推靠装置 15
3.3.1 结构设计及功能分析 15
3.3.2 计算与校核 16
第4章 液压部分 20
4.1 液压缸的选择与确定 20
4.1.1 拉伸缸的选择 20
4.1.2 推靠缸的选择 22
4.1.3 夹紧缸的选择 23
4.2 柱塞泵的选择 25
4.3 电机的选择 26
4.4 阀类的选择 26
4.5 动作过程说明： 27
第5章 电气部分—PLC编程 29
5.1 拉伸机动作循环的确定 29
5.2 PLC型确定及输入输出点分配 29
5.3 绘制梯形图 31
5.4 编写语句表 32
结 论 36
谢 辞 37
参考文献 38
附录 39
附录1：液压原理图
附录2：前拉头总装图
附录3：后拉头总装图
附录4：部分零件图
