Select
用途:
从指定表中取出指定的列的数据
语法:
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name
解释:
从数据库中选取资料列,并允许从一或多个资料表中,选取一或多个资料列或资料行。SELECT 陈述式的完整语法相当复杂,但主要子句可摘要为:
SELECT select_list
[ INTO new_table ]
FROM table_source
[ WHERE search_condition ]
[ GROUP BY group_by_expression ]
[ HAVING search_condition ]
[ ORDER BY order_expression [ ASC | DESC ] ]
例:
“Persons” 表中的数据有
LastName
FirstName
Address
City
Hansen
Ola
Timoteivn 10
Sandnes
Svendson
Tove
Borgvn 23
Sandnes
Pettersen
Kari
Storgt 20
Stavanger
选出字段名” LastName”、” FirstName” 的数据
SELECT LastName,FirstName FROM Persons
返回结果
LastName
FirstName
Hansen
Ola
Svendson
Tove
Pettersen
Kari
选出所有字段的数据
SELECT * FROM Persons
返回结果
LastName
FirstName
Address
City
Hansen
Ola
Timoteivn 10
Sandnes
Svendson
Tove
Borgvn 23
Sandnes
Pettersen
Kari
Storgt 20
Stavanger
Where
用途:
被用来规定一种选择查询的标准
语法:
SELECT column FROM table WHERE column condition value
下面的操作符能被使用在WHERE中:
=,<>,>,<,>=,<=,BETWEEN,LIKE
注意: 在某些SQL的版本中不等号< >能被写作为!=
解释:
SELECT语句返回WHERE子句中条件为true的数据
例:
从”Persons”表中选出生活在” Sandnes” 的人
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE City='Sandnes'
"Persons" 表中的数据有:
LastName
FirstName
Address
City
Year
Hansen
Ola
Timoteivn 10
Sandnes
1951
Svendson
Tove
Borgvn 23
Sandnes
1978
Svendson
Stale
Kaivn 18
Sandnes
1980
Pettersen
Kari
Storgt 20
Stavanger
1960
返回结果:
LastName
FirstName
Address
City
Year
Hansen
Ola
Timoteivn 10
Sandnes
1951
Svendson
Tove
Borgvn 23
Sandnes
1978
Svendson
Stale
Kaivn 18
Sandnes
1980
And & Or
用途:
在WHERE子句中AND和OR被用来连接两个或者更多的条件
解释:
AND在结合两个布尔表达式时,只有在两个表达式都为 TRUE 时才传回 TRUE
OR在结合两个布尔表达式时,只要其中一个条件为 TRUE 时,OR便传回 TRUE
例:"Persons"表中的原始数据
LastName
FirstName
Address
City
Hansen
Ola
Timoteivn 10
Sandnes
Svendson
Tove
Borgvn 23
Sandnes
Svendson
Stephen
Kaivn 18
Sandnes
用AND运算子来查找"Persons" 表中FirstName为”Tove”而且LastName为” Svendson”的数据
SELECT * FROM [ Persons ] WHERE [ FirstName ]='Tove' AND [