摘要：典当是以特定物品或者财产权利质押的形式,向典当机构借贷的特殊融资方式。其本质特征是以物换钱。典当行业作为一种特殊的融资方式和金融业与流通业中的一种边缘业种和业态,历史悠久。典当业是人类文明的组成部分,虽然它始终只是整个金融业和商业的一个分支或称边缘业种,但小额、短期、便捷、安全的融资特点,使其在支持生产、活跃流通、方便人民生活和满足投资需要等方面发挥了积极的作用,成为银行等金融机构的有益补充,并逐渐得到肯定和重视。本文对典当融资进行了概述，论述了如何进行典当融资，我国典当融资的现状，典当融资的优点和作用，以及典当融资的风险和防范。从结构上看整篇论文严谨而充实，基本上完成了对典当融资的诠释。
关键词：典当 融资 金融业 金融机构
Abstract ：Pawn is a special financing means to loan from pawnshop by mortgaging specific goods or property right, the essence of which is to get money with goods. As a special financing means and a marginal business between financial industry and circulation business, the old-line pawn broking has played a unique role in capital circulation, goods safekeeping and commodity sale. Though it has always been in the less important and auxiliary position in the economic fields, it is a flexible way to adjust borrowing and lending of money to meet small and medium-sized enterprise’s or resident individual’s increasing needs conveniently. It remedies the deficiency of the banking institution effectively, and its functions are affirmed and paid attention to gradually. this article provides an overview of pawning，discusses how to proceed with financing pawn，the current situation of Pawn in China，the advantage and function of pawn，as well as the financing risks and precautions of the pawn 。Above all, the article is rigorous and fulfilling in the structure and basically completed the Pawn.
Keyword: Pawn financing financial industry banking institution
一、典当融资概述
典当融资是以特定物品，财产权利质押或房地产抵押等形式向典当机构借贷的特殊融资方式，其本质特征是以物换钱。而典当是一种贷款的方式所以就其性质来说是一种融资活动。典当是人类最早产生的信用形式，它的产生和发展适应了商品经济发展的客观要求。它不仅是广大城乡居民融资的理想方式,也是企业尤其是中小企业的融资首选渠道。这主要是因为典当业在企业或个人融资方面发挥着其他融资方式所不能替代的优势,它使融资变得更加方便快捷,能随时满足资金。中小企业在发展经济、稳定社会、充分安排就业方面具有相当的重要性 ,然而融资难的问题一直困扰着我国中小企业的顺利发展。典当行服务是解决中小企业融资难问题、扶持中小企业发展的一条有效途径。
