摘 要:改革开放以来,在城市化过程中,由于各种不利因素的累积,农民不能顺利成为城市的居民,而是经历了“农民工”这种特殊的过渡形式。并引发一系列的社会问题。民工问题的根本解决之道,是让农民工转化为城市市民。特别是随着民工规模的不断扩大和农民工群体特征出现新的变化,农民工市民化问题的解决刻不容缓。
本文紧密结合新形势下珠海市农民工的生存现状、农民工市民化进程中面临的现实困境,着重探讨了农民工市民化进程受阻的根源。指出当前新生代农民工市民化进程中受到市民认识障碍、制度障碍、农民工自身素质障碍等方面的限制。提出了促进珠海农民工市民化进程的倡导人文关怀、加快法制进程和消除制度阻隔、重视教育培训等社会政策建议。
关键词:城市化;市民化;农民工;探讨
ABSTRACT :Since reform and opening up, in the urbanization process, due to various unfavorable factors accumulated, farmers can not become successful urban residents, but experienced a "migrant workers" such a special form of the transition. And trigger a series of social problems. Migrant workers to solve the fundamental problem of the Road, is to allow migrant workers into the city. Particularly with the growing scale of migrant workers and migrant workers groups characteristics of the emergence of new changes, the people of migrant workers to solve the problem without delay.
In this paper, in close connection with the new situation in Zhuhai City, the survival of the status quo of migrant workers, migrant workers and the public in the process of facing the reality of difficulties, focused on the people of migrant workers blocked the process of the root causes. That the current generation of migrant workers in the process of the public by the public awareness of barriers, obstacles to the system, the quality of migrant workers and other obstacles to the restrictions. Zhuhai to the promotion of migrant workers and members of the public to speed up the process of legal process, the elimination barrier system, and advocate humanistic care, to education and training, and other social policy proposals.
KEYWORDS: Urbanization; Of the people; Migrant workers; Discussion
1 前言
在过去的20多年时间内,中国经济的快速发展,为农村人口向非农和城市流动提供了大量机会,使他们得到比在农村务农高得多的收入,还能享受到城市的进步和文明。但由于长期以来的城乡二元制度壁垒的影响以及其造成的各种不利因素的累积,转向非农业的一亿多农村人口,多半只是一种职业的转移,并没有实现地域性的迁徙和农民身份的彻底变更。经历了“农民工”这种特殊的过渡形式。