英语文学论文-剖析莎士比亚以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界
【网学提醒】：本文主要为网上学习者提供英语文学论文-剖析莎士比亚以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界，希望对需要英语文学论文-剖析莎士比亚以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界网友有所帮助，学习一下吧!
资料包括： 论文(19页5043字)
说明：
摘 要 ：莎士比亚（1564-1616）生活在封建社会和资本主义社会的转折时期。在所有的英国作家中，莎士比亚在世界文学史上是极少数里程碑式人物之一。同样其作品也是一个里程碑。从艺术上讲，莎士比亚的悲剧是莎剧中成就最高的，而其中又以四大悲剧为代表。
在《哈姆雷特》这悲剧中主人公是理智的，计划周到的，但却总难付诸行动。在《奥赛罗》里，主人公奥赛罗是性格刚勇的好汉，他爱着也被爱着。《李尔王》一剧的人物形象可以看出作品反映的时代生活广度和深度，李尔王的悲剧命运贯穿全剧的中心。《麦克白》是四大悲剧中最后完成的，也是悲剧中最短的一个。它以戏剧情节发展的快速而闻名。
莎士比亚的以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界，其中各个角色，各个场景都深深震撼我们的心灵，本文通过四大悲剧主人公性格分析，指出了面对生活的苦难和人生的荒谬，人们应如何做出选择。我们从中一定会找到行事的方针和生活的智慧。
关键词
莎士比亚；悲剧；性格缺陷；罪恶；欲望
Abstract
Shakespeare（1564-1616）lived in the transition period from feudal society to capitalistic society. The greatest of all English authors, William Shakespeare belongs to one of those rare geniuses of mankind who have become landmarks in the history of world culture. Meanwhile the works of William Shakespeare are a great landmark in the history of world literature. Tragedies, especially the four great tragedies, stand for his greatest contribution.
In Hamlet, the hero is rational and his plan is in-depth, but he always can’t put his ideas into actions. In Othello, the hero Othello is a brave hero. He loves and is loved. He always trusts others. From the characters in King Lear, we can see the depth and width of life the work reflects. King Lear’s tragedy goes through the whole work. Macbeth is the finally completed and the shortest of the four. It is famous for its quick development.
Every role and every story in Shakespeare’s tragedy world based on the four great tragedies make our heart and soul moving. Through analyzing the characters of the four great tragedies, this article tells people how to choose the right destination when they are facing sufferings and ridicule of life. And from them we can find the right way to live and act.
Key Words
Shakespeare; tragedy; disposition flaw; guilt; ambition
Contents
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………….…..I
Key Words…………………………………………………………………….……I
摘要………………….…………………………………………………………………..…………II
关键词……………….…………………………………………………………………………..II
Introduction…………………………………………………………………….……1
I. The Four Great Tragedies’ Heroes’ Analysis………………..………………………2
A. A Tragic Hero－Hamlet……………………………………………….…….2
B. Victim of Credulity－Othello………………………………………….………4
C. A Tragic King Created by Power－Lear……………………….…………….…..6
D. Tragedy Caused by Ambition－Macbeth…………………………….………..7
II. The Influence Elements of the Four Great Tragedies’ Accomplishment…………9
A. The Living Experience………………………………………………………….9
B. The Social Background………………………………………………………..10
III. The Revelation of the Tragedy Works………………………………………….11
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………12
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………..13
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………….14
Introduction
William Shakespeare was born on the 23rd of April, 1564, in Stratford-on Avon, Warwickshire. He is one of those rare geniuses of mankind who have become landmarks in the history of world culture. Meanwhile the works of William Shakespeare are a great landmark in the history of world literature. During the 22 years of his literary work he produced 37 plays, 2 narrative poems and 154 sonnets. But tragedies, especially the four great tragedies, stand for his greatest contribution.
The disposition flaw in Hamlet which Shakespeare processes is over the perfect moral principle. In Othello, Othello always trusts others. But just this nobility and innocence make him guilty. King Lear’s biggest weakness is that he can’t distinguish what is the false flattery and what is the faithful emotion and sentiment. Macbeth describes that how an ambition makes somebody become a criminal from a famous minister and ends with an evil monarch. It reflects the awful result of the excessive and continuous ambition for people deeply.
All in all, through analyzing the heroes’ characters, living background and their fate, this article tells people how to choose when they are facing sufferings and ridicule of life. And from them we can find the principle of doing something and wisdom of living. So when something very important happens, one can face it and deal with it more severely, one can shoulder the burden of life more easily. I believe people can learn more from good tragedy works.
参考文献：
Margreta De Grazia and Stanley Wells. Shakespeare. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2001.
Michael Mangan: 莎士比亚悲剧导读[M]. 北京：北京大学出版社, 2005.
Stanley Wells. Shakespeare Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1986.
艾弗•埃文斯. 英国文学简史[M]. 北京：人民文学出版社, 1984.
布拉德雷. 莎士比亚评论汇编[M]. 北京：中国社会科学出版社, 1981.
卞之琳译. 莎士比亚悲剧四种[M]. 北京：人民文学出版社，1988.
黄必康. 莎士比亚名篇赏析[M]. 北京：北京大学出版社, 2005.
陆谷孙. 莎士比亚专辑[M]. 上海：复旦大学出版社, 1984.
李梦桃等译. 莎士比亚戏剧精解[M]. 成都：四川大学出版社, 1988.
王佐良等. 欧洲文化入门[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社, 2005.
徐群晖. On the Irrational Consciousness of Shakespearean Tragedy. 外国文学2003, (4).
张冲. 莎士比亚专题研究[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社，2004.
朱生豪译. 莎士比亚悲剧集[M]. 北京：北京燕山出版社, 2005.
张泗阳. 莎士比亚的三重戏剧[M]. 吉林：东北师范大学出版社, 1988.
作者点评：
剖析莎士比亚以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界 - Conclusion
No wonder that Shakespeare’s works are so fondly cherished by the greatest minds of mankind and among them by Karl Marx, who regarded Shakespeare as one of the “two greatest dramatic geniuses the world has ever known”, the other one is Aeschylus.
The most profound theory in the classicalism is about that of human nature, and it presents barely in Shakespeare’s four great tragedies－various tragedies occurred in the lives caused by some character flows without being treating, constantly accumulated oneself and finally lead to the horrible end .
Although in Shakespesre’s each tragedy finally all evil will be requited with evil, but all heroes’ weakness is totally unable to resist evil. The effect of each tragedy is inevitable. After reading these, we feel only sad? It’s not the truth. When one has to consider the problem of life or death, it’s time for him to wake. When one’s idealized knowledge to life is crushed before reality, he begins to know the suffering of living, the nonsense of life and the tragedy. Then he starts to face his future. This is a severe question for everyone and an unavoidable question for everyone during growing. I think maybe this is the true meaning of Shakespeare’s tragedy world based on the four great tragedies.
资料包括： 论文(19页5043字)
说明：
摘 要 ：莎士比亚（1564-1616）生活在封建社会和资本主义社会的转折时期。在所有的英国作家中，莎士比亚在世界文学史上是极少数里程碑式人物之一。同样其作品也是一个里程碑。从艺术上讲，莎士比亚的悲剧是莎剧中成就最高的，而其中又以四大悲剧为代表。
在《哈姆雷特》这悲剧中主人公是理智的，计划周到的，但却总难付诸行动。在《奥赛罗》里，主人公奥赛罗是性格刚勇的好汉，他爱着也被爱着。《李尔王》一剧的人物形象可以看出作品反映的时代生活广度和深度，李尔王的悲剧命运贯穿全剧的中心。《麦克白》是四大悲剧中最后完成的，也是悲剧中最短的一个。它以戏剧情节发展的快速而闻名。
莎士比亚的以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界，其中各个角色，各个场景都深深震撼我们的心灵，本文通过四大悲剧主人公性格分析，指出了面对生活的苦难和人生的荒谬，人们应如何做出选择。我们从中一定会找到行事的方针和生活的智慧。
关键词
莎士比亚；悲剧；性格缺陷；罪恶；欲望
Abstract
Shakespeare（1564-1616）lived in the transition period from feudal society to capitalistic society. The greatest of all English authors, William Shakespeare belongs to one of those rare geniuses of mankind who have become landmarks in the history of world culture. Meanwhile the works of William Shakespeare are a great landmark in the history of world literature. Tragedies, especially the four great tragedies, stand for his greatest contribution.
In Hamlet, the hero is rational and his plan is in-depth, but he always can’t put his ideas into actions. In Othello, the hero Othello is a brave hero. He loves and is loved. He always trusts others. From the characters in King Lear, we can see the depth and width of life the work reflects. King Lear’s tragedy goes through the whole work. Macbeth is the finally completed and the shortest of the four. It is famous for its quick development.
Every role and every story in Shakespeare’s tragedy world based on the four great tragedies make our heart and soul moving. Through analyzing the characters of the four great tragedies, this article tells people how to choose the right destination when they are facing sufferings and ridicule of life. And from them we can find the right way to live and act.
Key Words
Shakespeare; tragedy; disposition flaw; guilt; ambition
Contents
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………….…..I
Key Words…………………………………………………………………….……I
摘要………………….…………………………………………………………………..…………II
关键词……………….…………………………………………………………………………..II
Introduction…………………………………………………………………….……1
I. The Four Great Tragedies’ Heroes’ Analysis………………..………………………2
A. A Tragic Hero－Hamlet……………………………………………….…….2
B. Victim of Credulity－Othello………………………………………….………4
C. A Tragic King Created by Power－Lear……………………….…………….…..6
D. Tragedy Caused by Ambition－Macbeth…………………………….………..7
II. The Influence Elements of the Four Great Tragedies’ Accomplishment…………9
A. The Living Experience………………………………………………………….9
B. The Social Background………………………………………………………..10
III. The Revelation of the Tragedy Works………………………………………….11
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………12
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………..13
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………….14
Introduction
William Shakespeare was born on the 23rd of April, 1564, in Stratford-on Avon, Warwickshire. He is one of those rare geniuses of mankind who have become landmarks in the history of world culture. Meanwhile the works of William Shakespeare are a great landmark in the history of world literature. During the 22 years of his literary work he produced 37 plays, 2 narrative poems and 154 sonnets. But tragedies, especially the four great tragedies, stand for his greatest contribution.
The disposition flaw in Hamlet which Shakespeare processes is over the perfect moral principle. In Othello, Othello always trusts others. But just this nobility and innocence make him guilty. King Lear’s biggest weakness is that he can’t distinguish what is the false flattery and what is the faithful emotion and sentiment. Macbeth describes that how an ambition makes somebody become a criminal from a famous minister and ends with an evil monarch. It reflects the awful result of the excessive and continuous ambition for people deeply.
All in all, through analyzing the heroes’ characters, living background and their fate, this article tells people how to choose when they are facing sufferings and ridicule of life. And from them we can find the principle of doing something and wisdom of living. So when something very important happens, one can face it and deal with it more severely, one can shoulder the burden of life more easily. I believe people can learn more from good tragedy works.
参考文献：
Margreta De Grazia and Stanley Wells. Shakespeare. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2001.
Michael Mangan: 莎士比亚悲剧导读[M]. 北京：北京大学出版社, 2005.
Stanley Wells. Shakespeare Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1986.
艾弗•埃文斯. 英国文学简史[M]. 北京：人民文学出版社, 1984.
布拉德雷. 莎士比亚评论汇编[M]. 北京：中国社会科学出版社, 1981.
卞之琳译. 莎士比亚悲剧四种[M]. 北京：人民文学出版社，1988.
黄必康. 莎士比亚名篇赏析[M]. 北京：北京大学出版社, 2005.
陆谷孙. 莎士比亚专辑[M]. 上海：复旦大学出版社, 1984.
李梦桃等译. 莎士比亚戏剧精解[M]. 成都：四川大学出版社, 1988.
王佐良等. 欧洲文化入门[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社, 2005.
徐群晖. On the Irrational Consciousness of Shakespearean Tragedy. 外国文学2003, (4).
张冲. 莎士比亚专题研究[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社，2004.
朱生豪译. 莎士比亚悲剧集[M]. 北京：北京燕山出版社, 2005.
张泗阳. 莎士比亚的三重戏剧[M]. 吉林：东北师范大学出版社, 1988.
作者点评：
剖析莎士比亚以四大悲剧为代表的悲剧世界 - Conclusion
No wonder that Shakespeare’s works are so fondly cherished by the greatest minds of mankind and among them by Karl Marx, who regarded Shakespeare as one of the “two greatest dramatic geniuses the world has ever known”, the other one is Aeschylus.
The most profound theory in the classicalism is about that of human nature, and it presents barely in Shakespeare’s four great tragedies－various tragedies occurred in the lives caused by some character flows without being treating, constantly accumulated oneself and finally lead to the horrible end .
Although in Shakespesre’s each tragedy finally all evil will be requited with evil, but all heroes’ weakness is totally unable to resist evil. The effect of each tragedy is inevitable. After reading these, we feel only sad? It’s not the truth. When one has to consider the problem of life or death, it’s time for him to wake. When one’s idealized knowledge to life is crushed before reality, he begins to know the suffering of living, the nonsense of life and the tragedy. Then he starts to face his future. This is a severe question for everyone and an unavoidable question for everyone during growing. I think maybe this is the true meaning of Shakespeare’s tragedy world based on the four great tragedies.