论福斯塔夫的性格
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资料包括： 论文(20页6317字)
说明：
摘 要：恩格斯说：“人物的性格不仅表现在他做什么，而且表现在他怎样做”。福斯塔夫是莎士比亚的历史剧《亨利四世》和喜剧《温莎的风流娘们儿》中著名的喜剧人物, 也是世界戏剧史上最令人难忘的艺术形象之一，那么福斯塔夫到底有着什么样的性格呢？历来的评论家对他性格的分析有着不同的意见，但往往是要么太偏激要么太主观，因此本文根据刘再复《性格组合论》的相关理论探讨福斯塔夫的性格。第一部分，通过福斯塔夫和李尔王的对比，寻找两个人性格的异同点，从而凸现出福斯塔夫的性格；第二部分，具体探讨福斯塔夫的性格，主要是从福斯塔夫性格的复杂性，浪漫性和现实性入手；第三部分，追溯福斯塔夫性格形成的原因，一方面，从骑士的历史背景及福斯塔夫的社会地位着手；另一方面，从人自身的心理因素着手。从而让人们看到一个全新的福斯塔夫，既生动逼真又客观合乎情理。
关键词：福斯塔夫的性格,复杂性,浪漫性,现实性,成因,
Abstract
The personal character not only contains what they do, not also contains how to do. So the personal character plays an important role in one’s life. Falstaff is the most famous figure in the Henry Ⅳ and The Merry Wives of Windsor. What are the characters of Falstaff? Because of the diversities of Falstaff’s character, different people hold different views on the character of Falstaff. In order to make people know Falstaff more clearly and objectively, this paper seeks to find out characters of Falstaff from several aspects according to Liu Zaifu’s theory. The first part is to compare King Lear with Falstaff to find out the special character of Falstaff. The second part is to discuss the characters of Falstaff. It is easy to find that there are complication and romanticism and realistic meanings existed in the character of Falstaff. The third part is to find out the causes of shaping the character of Falstaff and get all-side recognition.
Key Words
Falstaff’s character; Complication; Romanticism; Realistic meanings; Causes;
Introduction
The character Sir John Falstaff plays a crucial part in Shakespeare''s Henry IV and The Merry Wives of Windsor. Falstaff gives a deep impression to people on the world since he has stepped the stage. What draws us in and makes us like Falstaff? If you ask what he enjoys, no doubt the answer is, first and foremost, eating and drinking, then relaxing at the inn with his other merry friends and companions. These things are what really matter to Falstaff, but Falstaff portrays one aspect of life that is both brutal and harsh. This is important because Falstaff is noble like all other main characters in the play. Unlike Falstaff, the other nobles in the play behave well as real noble persons. Falstaff acts more like the lower class people. In order to satisfy his needs and desire, Falstaff has to ignore his status and does some ridiculous things. At the same time, he talks big and ignores the social honor and conventions. To him, honor is just a word and nothing dying over. It is easy to find that the character of Falstaff is a typical example for research. So many people on the world have done some research on him. Sun Qi had compared Falstaff with Ah’Q in order to find the character of Falstaff. Other critics have done similar researches. Besides some advantages we have find that those studying have some disadvantages. As we know personal character is a complex system. Liu Zaifu has said in his work The Combination of Character that there are three methods to analyze the personal character. The first one is to compare between different personal characters; the second is to compare between the phenomenon and essence existed in one person; the last one is to compare the two opponent factors of character in one person. According to those rules we discuss and analyze the character of Falstaff. We seek to find out the similarities and differences between Falstaff and King Lear, then analyze the complex character of Falstaff from several aspects. It is easy to find that there are complication and romanticism and realistic meanings existed in the character of Falstaff. In addition, we try to find the causes of shaping the character of Falstaff and get all-side recognition. On one hand, the birth of Falstaff is not casual, at that time the knight system has been decayed and the humanism is in the embryonic stage, Falstaff represents the special class that should be doomed to die, because they do not want to do anything for themselves and idle about. On the other hand, the character is a pursuing system and this kind of pursing system is motivation that forces the human being to do something for themselves and others. Falstaff is a knight and has decent status, in order to live and get the love he has to talk big, tell lies and often be teased by others.
目录：
AbstractI
Key WordsI
摘 要II
关键词II
Introduction1
I. Comparison between Falstaff and King Lear3
A. The Character of King Lear3
B. The Falstaff''s Ludicrous Traits4
C. The Differences and Similarities in them5
Ⅱ. The Several Aspects of Falstaff''s Character5
A. The Complication of Falstaff''s Character5
B. The Romanticism of the Falstaff''s Character8
C. The Realistic Meanings of Falstaff''s Character10
Ⅲ.The Results into Character of Falstaff11
A. The Knight History and Social Background11
B. Psychological Factor12
Conclusion13
Acknowledgements14
Bibliography15
参考文献：
Bassettt. The Life and Times of Willliam Shakespeare. Beijing: 外语教学研究出版社, 1987.
Hugo. Willliam Shakespeare. Beijing: 团结出版社,2005.
Lee, Sidney. A Life of Shakespeare. New York: New York Macmillan, 1916.
Rubinstein Annete T. The Great Tradition in English Literature from Shakespeare
to Show. Modern Reader Paperbacks, 1953.
Shakespeare, William. Works of Shakespear. New York: AMS Press, 1969.
斯宾塞．莎士比亚与人性[M]．上海：复旦大学出版社，1982.
W.哈兹里特．莎士比亚戏剧中的人[M]．西安：陕西师范大学出版社，1979.
威萨.毛姆．人性的因素[M]．北京：中国社会科学出版社，1983.
威尔斯．莎士比亚研究[M]．上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000.
西森．年轻的莎士比亚[M]．北京：中国戏剧出版社，1983.
方平．和莎士比亚交个朋友吧[M].成都：四川人民出版社，1983.
刘彪．世界文学名著选评[M].南昌：江西人民出版社，1979.
刘再复．性格组合论[M].上海：上海文艺出版社，1980.
孙淇．莎士比亚的三重戏剧研究.演出.教学[M].辽宁：东北师范大学出版社，1988.
[15] 张可．莎士比亚研究[M]．上海：上海译文出版社，1982.
[16] 温祖荫．世界名剧介绍与欣赏[M]．福建：福建教育出版社，1983.
作者点评：
论福斯塔夫的性格
This paper explains and discusses the character of Falstaff in the Henry Ⅳ and The Merry Wives of Windsor by comparing and analyzing methods according to Liu Zaifu’s theory. Compare King Lear with Falstaff, we have found that Falstaff’s indulgences cause him to slowly lost his life and alienate people around him, but he brings happiness and delight to people no matter how hard his condition. We also have found that there are complication existed in his characters. Though he is knight and has decent status, he has to lose his face and do some ridiculous things; though he is very old and fat, his wit to please people is proper with them. The human being has started to pay attention to themself since the Renaissance has appeared. The Romanticism of Falstaff is presented by his words and actions. In order to satisfy his needs and please others he ignores social rules and convention and expresses his feeling freely. The realistic meanings of Falstaff’s character are his courage which is often different from public voices. In addition, we also find out the causes of shaping the character of Falstaff. On one hand, the birth of Falstaff is not casual, at that time the knight system has been decayed and the humanism is in the embryonic stage, Falstaff represents the special class that should be doomed to die, because they do not want to do anything for themselves and idle about. On the other hand, the character is a pursuing system and this kind of pursing system is motivation that forces the human being to do something for themselves and others. Falstaff is a knight and has decent status, in order to live and get the love he has to talk big, tell lies and often be teased by others. In a word, Falstaff is complex person, so his characters are complicate and contradictory.
资料包括： 论文(20页6317字)
说明：
摘 要：恩格斯说：“人物的性格不仅表现在他做什么，而且表现在他怎样做”。福斯塔夫是莎士比亚的历史剧《亨利四世》和喜剧《温莎的风流娘们儿》中著名的喜剧人物, 也是世界戏剧史上最令人难忘的艺术形象之一，那么福斯塔夫到底有着什么样的性格呢？历来的评论家对他性格的分析有着不同的意见，但往往是要么太偏激要么太主观，因此本文根据刘再复《性格组合论》的相关理论探讨福斯塔夫的性格。第一部分，通过福斯塔夫和李尔王的对比，寻找两个人性格的异同点，从而凸现出福斯塔夫的性格；第二部分，具体探讨福斯塔夫的性格，主要是从福斯塔夫性格的复杂性，浪漫性和现实性入手；第三部分，追溯福斯塔夫性格形成的原因，一方面，从骑士的历史背景及福斯塔夫的社会地位着手；另一方面，从人自身的心理因素着手。从而让人们看到一个全新的福斯塔夫，既生动逼真又客观合乎情理。
关键词：福斯塔夫的性格,复杂性,浪漫性,现实性,成因,
Abstract
The personal character not only contains what they do, not also contains how to do. So the personal character plays an important role in one’s life. Falstaff is the most famous figure in the Henry Ⅳ and The Merry Wives of Windsor. What are the characters of Falstaff? Because of the diversities of Falstaff’s character, different people hold different views on the character of Falstaff. In order to make people know Falstaff more clearly and objectively, this paper seeks to find out characters of Falstaff from several aspects according to Liu Zaifu’s theory. The first part is to compare King Lear with Falstaff to find out the special character of Falstaff. The second part is to discuss the characters of Falstaff. It is easy to find that there are complication and romanticism and realistic meanings existed in the character of Falstaff. The third part is to find out the causes of shaping the character of Falstaff and get all-side recognition.
Key Words
Falstaff’s character; Complication; Romanticism; Realistic meanings; Causes;
Introduction
The character Sir John Falstaff plays a crucial part in Shakespeare''s Henry IV and The Merry Wives of Windsor. Falstaff gives a deep impression to people on the world since he has stepped the stage. What draws us in and makes us like Falstaff? If you ask what he enjoys, no doubt the answer is, first and foremost, eating and drinking, then relaxing at the inn with his other merry friends and companions. These things are what really matter to Falstaff, but Falstaff portrays one aspect of life that is both brutal and harsh. This is important because Falstaff is noble like all other main characters in the play. Unlike Falstaff, the other nobles in the play behave well as real noble persons. Falstaff acts more like the lower class people. In order to satisfy his needs and desire, Falstaff has to ignore his status and does some ridiculous things. At the same time, he talks big and ignores the social honor and conventions. To him, honor is just a word and nothing dying over. It is easy to find that the character of Falstaff is a typical example for research. So many people on the world have done some research on him. Sun Qi had compared Falstaff with Ah’Q in order to find the character of Falstaff. Other critics have done similar researches. Besides some advantages we have find that those studying have some disadvantages. As we know personal character is a complex system. Liu Zaifu has said in his work The Combination of Character that there are three methods to analyze the personal character. The first one is to compare between different personal characters; the second is to compare between the phenomenon and essence existed in one person; the last one is to compare the two opponent factors of character in one person. According to those rules we discuss and analyze the character of Falstaff. We seek to find out the similarities and differences between Falstaff and King Lear, then analyze the complex character of Falstaff from several aspects. It is easy to find that there are complication and romanticism and realistic meanings existed in the character of Falstaff. In addition, we try to find the causes of shaping the character of Falstaff and get all-side recognition. On one hand, the birth of Falstaff is not casual, at that time the knight system has been decayed and the humanism is in the embryonic stage, Falstaff represents the special class that should be doomed to die, because they do not want to do anything for themselves and idle about. On the other hand, the character is a pursuing system and this kind of pursing system is motivation that forces the human being to do something for themselves and others. Falstaff is a knight and has decent status, in order to live and get the love he has to talk big, tell lies and often be teased by others.
目录：
AbstractI
Key WordsI
摘 要II
关键词II
Introduction1
I. Comparison between Falstaff and King Lear3
A. The Character of King Lear3
B. The Falstaff''s Ludicrous Traits4
C. The Differences and Similarities in them5
Ⅱ. The Several Aspects of Falstaff''s Character5
A. The Complication of Falstaff''s Character5
B. The Romanticism of the Falstaff''s Character8
C. The Realistic Meanings of Falstaff''s Character10
Ⅲ.The Results into Character of Falstaff11
A. The Knight History and Social Background11
B. Psychological Factor12
Conclusion13
Acknowledgements14
Bibliography15
参考文献：
Bassettt. The Life and Times of Willliam Shakespeare. Beijing: 外语教学研究出版社, 1987.
Hugo. Willliam Shakespeare. Beijing: 团结出版社,2005.
Lee, Sidney. A Life of Shakespeare. New York: New York Macmillan, 1916.
Rubinstein Annete T. The Great Tradition in English Literature from Shakespeare
to Show. Modern Reader Paperbacks, 1953.
Shakespeare, William. Works of Shakespear. New York: AMS Press, 1969.
斯宾塞．莎士比亚与人性[M]．上海：复旦大学出版社，1982.
W.哈兹里特．莎士比亚戏剧中的人[M]．西安：陕西师范大学出版社，1979.
威萨.毛姆．人性的因素[M]．北京：中国社会科学出版社，1983.
威尔斯．莎士比亚研究[M]．上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000.
西森．年轻的莎士比亚[M]．北京：中国戏剧出版社，1983.
方平．和莎士比亚交个朋友吧[M].成都：四川人民出版社，1983.
刘彪．世界文学名著选评[M].南昌：江西人民出版社，1979.
刘再复．性格组合论[M].上海：上海文艺出版社，1980.
孙淇．莎士比亚的三重戏剧研究.演出.教学[M].辽宁：东北师范大学出版社，1988.
[15] 张可．莎士比亚研究[M]．上海：上海译文出版社，1982.
[16] 温祖荫．世界名剧介绍与欣赏[M]．福建：福建教育出版社，1983.
作者点评：
论福斯塔夫的性格
This paper explains and discusses the character of Falstaff in the Henry Ⅳ and The Merry Wives of Windsor by comparing and analyzing methods according to Liu Zaifu’s theory. Compare King Lear with Falstaff, we have found that Falstaff’s indulgences cause him to slowly lost his life and alienate people around him, but he brings happiness and delight to people no matter how hard his condition. We also have found that there are complication existed in his characters. Though he is knight and has decent status, he has to lose his face and do some ridiculous things; though he is very old and fat, his wit to please people is proper with them. The human being has started to pay attention to themself since the Renaissance has appeared. The Romanticism of Falstaff is presented by his words and actions. In order to satisfy his needs and please others he ignores social rules and convention and expresses his feeling freely. The realistic meanings of Falstaff’s character are his courage which is often different from public voices. In addition, we also find out the causes of shaping the character of Falstaff. On one hand, the birth of Falstaff is not casual, at that time the knight system has been decayed and the humanism is in the embryonic stage, Falstaff represents the special class that should be doomed to die, because they do not want to do anything for themselves and idle about. On the other hand, the character is a pursuing system and this kind of pursing system is motivation that forces the human being to do something for themselves and others. Falstaff is a knight and has decent status, in order to live and get the love he has to talk big, tell lies and often be teased by others. In a word, Falstaff is complex person, so his characters are complicate and contradictory.