中西方婚俗的差异
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资料包括： 论文(23页6146字)
说明：
摘 要：中国婚俗有着许多的仪式。最早记载婚礼习俗的《仪礼》云：“婚有六礼，纳采、问名、 纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎。”而在西方国家主要有4个程序，即建议，改姓，选期和举行婚礼。由于宗教、文化根源、婚姻观念以及地理环境的不同在一定程度上导致了中西方婚俗的不同。在中国婚俗中，媒人起着决定性的作用，而作为婚姻当事人的青年男女却没有选择的自由和权力，而且男女在婚姻中的不平等现象也屡有出现。 在西方，是牧师在婚姻中起作用，并且青年男女有合法的权力去选择自己的夫婿或妻子。当然中西方的婚俗也存在相同的地方。它们存在了上千年之久。近年来（特别是新中国成立之后），中西结合的婚姻屡有出现。
关键词 ：婚俗；差异；原因
Abstract
There are many procedures in Chinese marriage custom. The book propriety and ceremony, which records earliest wedding ceremony, says that marriage includes six etiquettes, namely, proposing, asking the name, asking for fortune, sending betrothal presents to the girl''s family, discussing the date of marriage and meeting the bride. In western marriage, there are four procedures. They are proposal, changing surnames, choosing the day and holding the wedding. As the different religions, cultural origins, marriage concepts and geographies, there are many differences existing in the two kinds of marriage customs. In Chinese marriage custom, the matchmaker functions almost all the time and youths have no right to choose and women are not on an equal footing with men. By contrast, in western marriage custom, the priest functions and the youths have legal right to choose whom they want to marry and men and women are equal. There also exist common things in the two sides. They have been maintained for thousands of years. But in recent years (especially after the founding of modern China), people have tended to discard some of the details and advocate simplified marriage procedures and wedding ceremonies.
Key Words
Marriage custom; differences; reasons
Introduction
Marriage is formed in a long historical evolution of the marriage custom in a nation. It is the regularity of the activities that restrains people''s awareness of marriage and marriage. Marriage custom’s binding does not depend on the law, and it can not rely on science tests neither, but on the force of habit, traditional culture and national psychology. During the development of human history, the institution of marriage and family system has experienced different processes of development. Human have experienced group marriage, the dual system of marriage and individual marriage system (monogamy).
As a union of a man and a woman and a family formation stage, marriage includes not only marriage, but also the preparation phase for the marriage and the performance stage after the festivities. It runs through the whole process of life. These customs, as a national symbol and cultural development, plays a very important role in ethnic studies and the history of mankind.
China is a country with an ancient civilization and a long history, and many customs. Among so many customs, there is a particular marriage custom. This custom goes through various and long stages of development from ancient simple wedding ceremony to later complex ceremony, from feudal marriage custom to the modern free marriage custom. During these courses, people’s ideas are progressing, though we can not say that their ideas are up to the top of mankind’s ideas in all over the world at all over the time because there are still backward ideas existing in many places, in many people’s mind and they maybe will still exist for a long time. However, they are up to the top of mankind’s ideas in a certain stage of the uninterrupted development of ideas.
Greek civilization is the base of western culture. Britain plays an important role in western history and western culture, and of course marriage custom.
Comparing with each other, they are different in many aspects such as in right aspect and in freedom aspect and there are many reasons that result in these differences such as cultural reason and geographical reason.
目录：
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………. I
Key Words.………………………………………………………………………….. I
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………..II
关键词…………………………………………………………………………………………….II
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………1
I. Chinese Marriage Custom ………………………………………………2
A. Proposing ……………………………………………………………………..3
B. Asking the Name…………………………………………………………….3
C. Asking for Fortune………………………………………….…………………4
D. Sending Betrothal Presents to the Girl’s Family……………………………….4
E. Discussing the Date of Marriage…..……………………………………….5
F. Meeting the Bride…………………………………………………………..5
II. Western Marriage Custom……..…………………………………………..…5
A. Proposal …………………………………………………………………….6
B. Changing Surnames……………………………………………………………7
C. Choosing the Day…………………………………………………………..7
D. Holding the Wedding…………………………………………………………8
III. Differences ………………………………………………………………..…9
A. Different Marriage Media……………………………………………………9
B. Freedom: Free or Not……………………………………………………10
C. Right: Equal or Not…………….………..……………………………11
D.Different Purposes of Marriage.……………………………..…….……12
IV. Reasons for the Differences Above ……………………….……………………12
A. Religions……………………………………………………………………..12
B. Cultural Origins……………………………………………………………13
C. Marriage Concepts……………………………………………………….13
D. Geographies……………………………………………………………………14
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………15
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………..……………16
Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………17
参考文献：
曾丽娟．http://blog.hjenglish.com.Western marriage custom.2006.
Wollstoncraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Right of Weman. New York: Cambridge,1967.
鲍宗豪．婚俗与中国传统文化[M]．桂林：广西师范大学出版社，2006．
陈鹏．中国婚姻史稿[M]．北京：中华书局，2005．
范明生，陈超南．东西方文化比较研究[M]．上海：上海教育出版社，2006．
欧阳若修，韦向学．外国婚俗[M]．广西：漓江出版社，1986．
潘晓梅．婚俗简史[M]．北京：中国社会科学出版社，2004．
邵先崇．近代中国的新式婚丧[M]．北京：人民文学出版社，2006．
(英国)泰勒，连树声（译）．原始文化[M]．桂林：广西师范大学出版社，2005．
吴存浩．中国民俗通志[M]．济南：山东教育出版社，2005．
杨天宇．仪礼译注[M]．上海：上海古籍出版社，2004．
张文修．礼记[M]．北京：北京燕山出版社，1995．
张志永．婚姻制度从传统到现代的过渡[M]．2006．
赵红瑾. 女人的魅力与资本[M]. 北京：中国广播电视出版社，2006．
[15] 宗颜绍元．婚嫁趣谈[M]．上海：上海古籍出版社，2003．
作者点评：
中西方婚俗的差异
Marriage custom in both China and western countries has gone through for a long time. As a most grand thing in people’s life, it has always attracted a high degree of attention.
As time goes by, although many wedding customs have experienced various changes, as the basic pattern, “six etiquettes” in China has not changed much. That’s to say proposing, asking the name, asking for fortune, sending betrothal presents to the girl’s family, discussing the date of marriage and meeting the bride are still essential and core in marriage custom.
In western countries, a valid marriage should experience proposal, surnames, choosing the day and holding the wedding.
There are four differences between the two kinds of marriage custom. Firstly, the marriage media are different. Marriage media in China is matchmaker, but priest in western countries. Secondly, youths have no free right to choose their lover in China, but in western countries people are much freer on this point. Thirdly, westerners are equal than Chinese in marriage. Fourthly, the main purpose of getting marriage in China is to continue the male offspring. However in western countries, there are three purposes: the couple serve God; then get married and start career; last is produce an heir to carry on the pious descendants.
The differences existing in Chinese and western marriage custom are inevitable. The different religious, cultural origin, marriage concept, and geographies caused different marriage custom in both worlds.
These differences maybe will still exist for a long times between Chinese marriage custom and western marriage custom because it is not easy to change a kind of traditional culture or custom witch has remains for thousands of years.
资料包括： 论文(23页6146字)
说明：
摘 要：中国婚俗有着许多的仪式。最早记载婚礼习俗的《仪礼》云：“婚有六礼，纳采、问名、 纳吉、纳征、请期、亲迎。”而在西方国家主要有4个程序，即建议，改姓，选期和举行婚礼。由于宗教、文化根源、婚姻观念以及地理环境的不同在一定程度上导致了中西方婚俗的不同。在中国婚俗中，媒人起着决定性的作用，而作为婚姻当事人的青年男女却没有选择的自由和权力，而且男女在婚姻中的不平等现象也屡有出现。 在西方，是牧师在婚姻中起作用，并且青年男女有合法的权力去选择自己的夫婿或妻子。当然中西方的婚俗也存在相同的地方。它们存在了上千年之久。近年来（特别是新中国成立之后），中西结合的婚姻屡有出现。
关键词 ：婚俗；差异；原因
Abstract
There are many procedures in Chinese marriage custom. The book propriety and ceremony, which records earliest wedding ceremony, says that marriage includes six etiquettes, namely, proposing, asking the name, asking for fortune, sending betrothal presents to the girl''s family, discussing the date of marriage and meeting the bride. In western marriage, there are four procedures. They are proposal, changing surnames, choosing the day and holding the wedding. As the different religions, cultural origins, marriage concepts and geographies, there are many differences existing in the two kinds of marriage customs. In Chinese marriage custom, the matchmaker functions almost all the time and youths have no right to choose and women are not on an equal footing with men. By contrast, in western marriage custom, the priest functions and the youths have legal right to choose whom they want to marry and men and women are equal. There also exist common things in the two sides. They have been maintained for thousands of years. But in recent years (especially after the founding of modern China), people have tended to discard some of the details and advocate simplified marriage procedures and wedding ceremonies.
Key Words
Marriage custom; differences; reasons
Introduction
Marriage is formed in a long historical evolution of the marriage custom in a nation. It is the regularity of the activities that restrains people''s awareness of marriage and marriage. Marriage custom’s binding does not depend on the law, and it can not rely on science tests neither, but on the force of habit, traditional culture and national psychology. During the development of human history, the institution of marriage and family system has experienced different processes of development. Human have experienced group marriage, the dual system of marriage and individual marriage system (monogamy).
As a union of a man and a woman and a family formation stage, marriage includes not only marriage, but also the preparation phase for the marriage and the performance stage after the festivities. It runs through the whole process of life. These customs, as a national symbol and cultural development, plays a very important role in ethnic studies and the history of mankind.
China is a country with an ancient civilization and a long history, and many customs. Among so many customs, there is a particular marriage custom. This custom goes through various and long stages of development from ancient simple wedding ceremony to later complex ceremony, from feudal marriage custom to the modern free marriage custom. During these courses, people’s ideas are progressing, though we can not say that their ideas are up to the top of mankind’s ideas in all over the world at all over the time because there are still backward ideas existing in many places, in many people’s mind and they maybe will still exist for a long time. However, they are up to the top of mankind’s ideas in a certain stage of the uninterrupted development of ideas.
Greek civilization is the base of western culture. Britain plays an important role in western history and western culture, and of course marriage custom.
Comparing with each other, they are different in many aspects such as in right aspect and in freedom aspect and there are many reasons that result in these differences such as cultural reason and geographical reason.
目录：
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………. I
Key Words.………………………………………………………………………….. I
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………..II
关键词…………………………………………………………………………………………….II
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………1
I. Chinese Marriage Custom ………………………………………………2
A. Proposing ……………………………………………………………………..3
B. Asking the Name…………………………………………………………….3
C. Asking for Fortune………………………………………….…………………4
D. Sending Betrothal Presents to the Girl’s Family……………………………….4
E. Discussing the Date of Marriage…..……………………………………….5
F. Meeting the Bride…………………………………………………………..5
II. Western Marriage Custom……..…………………………………………..…5
A. Proposal …………………………………………………………………….6
B. Changing Surnames……………………………………………………………7
C. Choosing the Day…………………………………………………………..7
D. Holding the Wedding…………………………………………………………8
III. Differences ………………………………………………………………..…9
A. Different Marriage Media……………………………………………………9
B. Freedom: Free or Not……………………………………………………10
C. Right: Equal or Not…………….………..……………………………11
D.Different Purposes of Marriage.……………………………..…….……12
IV. Reasons for the Differences Above ……………………….……………………12
A. Religions……………………………………………………………………..12
B. Cultural Origins……………………………………………………………13
C. Marriage Concepts……………………………………………………….13
D. Geographies……………………………………………………………………14
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………15
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………..……………16
Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………17
参考文献：
曾丽娟．http://blog.hjenglish.com.Western marriage custom.2006.
Wollstoncraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Right of Weman. New York: Cambridge,1967.
鲍宗豪．婚俗与中国传统文化[M]．桂林：广西师范大学出版社，2006．
陈鹏．中国婚姻史稿[M]．北京：中华书局，2005．
范明生，陈超南．东西方文化比较研究[M]．上海：上海教育出版社，2006．
欧阳若修，韦向学．外国婚俗[M]．广西：漓江出版社，1986．
潘晓梅．婚俗简史[M]．北京：中国社会科学出版社，2004．
邵先崇．近代中国的新式婚丧[M]．北京：人民文学出版社，2006．
(英国)泰勒，连树声（译）．原始文化[M]．桂林：广西师范大学出版社，2005．
吴存浩．中国民俗通志[M]．济南：山东教育出版社，2005．
杨天宇．仪礼译注[M]．上海：上海古籍出版社，2004．
张文修．礼记[M]．北京：北京燕山出版社，1995．
张志永．婚姻制度从传统到现代的过渡[M]．2006．
赵红瑾. 女人的魅力与资本[M]. 北京：中国广播电视出版社，2006．
[15] 宗颜绍元．婚嫁趣谈[M]．上海：上海古籍出版社，2003．
作者点评：
中西方婚俗的差异
Marriage custom in both China and western countries has gone through for a long time. As a most grand thing in people’s life, it has always attracted a high degree of attention.
As time goes by, although many wedding customs have experienced various changes, as the basic pattern, “six etiquettes” in China has not changed much. That’s to say proposing, asking the name, asking for fortune, sending betrothal presents to the girl’s family, discussing the date of marriage and meeting the bride are still essential and core in marriage custom.
In western countries, a valid marriage should experience proposal, surnames, choosing the day and holding the wedding.
There are four differences between the two kinds of marriage custom. Firstly, the marriage media are different. Marriage media in China is matchmaker, but priest in western countries. Secondly, youths have no free right to choose their lover in China, but in western countries people are much freer on this point. Thirdly, westerners are equal than Chinese in marriage. Fourthly, the main purpose of getting marriage in China is to continue the male offspring. However in western countries, there are three purposes: the couple serve God; then get married and start career; last is produce an heir to carry on the pious descendants.
The differences existing in Chinese and western marriage custom are inevitable. The different religious, cultural origin, marriage concept, and geographies caused different marriage custom in both worlds.
These differences maybe will still exist for a long times between Chinese marriage custom and western marriage custom because it is not easy to change a kind of traditional culture or custom witch has remains for thousands of years.