欧美人所理解之天堂世界观
【网学提醒】：本文主要为网上学习者提供欧美人所理解之天堂世界观，希望对需要欧美人所理解之天堂世界观网友有所帮助，学习一下吧!
资料包括： 论文(22页5911字)
说明：
摘 要：此论文关注西方人是如何看待他们自己神话中的天堂。以及这种世界观如何逐渐形成，主要是从历史研究出发，通过研究古代基督教文明的形成，米兰赦令后天主教的壮大，以及十字军东征所带来的天主教文化与蛮族文化的结合，特别是与昂格鲁-撒克逊文化的结合对西方文化意识形态的影响。就多个方面作出线性的立体的比较。其目的是要为读者提供正确理解西方文化的来源与发展历史的全新视角,以及总结他们以这种千年以前的宗教教义作为他们的道德标准的原因。
关键词 ：时间顺序; 历史; 文化; 天堂; 地狱; 天使; 魔鬼; 基督教
Abstract
This thesis is about occidental’s world view of heaven and how it comes into being. It begins with the research of history. The thesis analyzes the forming of ancient Christianity, and why it becomes strong after the edict of Milan catholic and the Crusades. Christianity blends with Anglo-Saxon culture on Western ideology. It makes the stereoscopic comparison from various aspects. The intent of the thesis is to provide an historical perspective of the origin and development of Western culture and then to draw together all the opinions and summarize the relevant information from that survey, and why the westerners use the doctrine mentioned in the thesis as their moral standard.
Key Words
Timeline; History; Culture; Heaven; hell; Angels; Demons; Christianity
Introduction
Numerous scholars, experts, even scientists devote all their life to study on the puzzle. But most of them to the bitter end got a great many of revelation. In another word they, through a good while and arduous researching, only received more new questions. These people maybe seem a little foolish but in fact they are all brave and genius man for they dare to challenge the ultimate question of human. Through their researching many great authors, maestros, drawer and a lot of mental wealth are born. So the thesis can be spread out based on the wealth.
First of all heaven is an important unit of culture to almost every nation, furthermore its definition all comes from religion. In semantics it is as an abstract sign which imply a kind of space that contains another type of human being who is dead. But in fact the world view of the field is being changed constantly. Most people will be confuse when they read the religious works such as bible, however most non-followers are peoples like this.
This thesis is divided into three historical stages. They are Western Roman Empire period (the period before the Christianity came into being)，Middle Ages and Renaissance period, and the period after world war Ⅱ. The first section illustrates the structure of the Paradise. Coming along with the advance of civilization the world view of heaven has changed lot. The second section describes the condition of Middle Ages, and the third section indicates the condition of followers and non-followers and the different ideology between them. Each section contains the phenomenon, concept and analysis of the world view which existed in occidentals in each period.
目录：
Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
Key Words …………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
关键词 …………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………1
Ⅰ.Ancient Period…………………………………………………………………2
A. The Secret of Bible …………………………………………………………..2
B. The Basic Structure of Paradise ………………………………………………3
Ⅱ. Middle Ages and Renaissance Period…………………………………………4
A. Analysis about Concept after Culture Blending ……………………………4
B. Diagram of the Structure of the Heaven …………………………………….6
C. The Evidence Existing in Paradise Lost……………………….……………7
Ⅲ. The Period after World War Ⅱ………………………………………………9
A. The Summary of New Ideal in Modern Time ……………………………….9
B. Non-followers’ World View ………………………………………………….10
C. Followers’ World View…………………………………. ……………………12
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….15
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………16
Bibliography ……………………………………………………………………….17
参考文献：
Alter, Robert. The World of biblical literature. N. Y. Basic Books Press, 1991.
Arnold, Matthew, God and the Bible: a review of objections to literature and dogma. New York: Macmillan, 1983.
Augustine, Saint, On Genesis: Two books on Genesis against the Manichees. Washington, D.C. Catholic University of America Press, 1990.
Bal, Mieke, Lethal love: feminist literary readings of biblical love stories. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.
Carver Yu. History of Christianity. Oxford University Press, 1990.
H. Faukeel. A Compendium of the Christian Religion. New World Press, 1978.
Magnalia Dei, H. Bavinck. Our Reasonable Faith. 1854-1921.
Seminary, South Hamilton. A Body of Divinity. MA USA CentriHall, Inc. 2004
得恩堡，S.（德）. 第二次世界大战事实真相和虚构捏造[M]. 北京商务印书馆,1962.
李传龙. 圣经文学词典[M]. 北京：北京大学出版社，1998.
梁工. 圣经与欧美作家作品[M],宗教文化出版社，2000.
莱肯 (Ryken L), 圣经文学[M]. 春风文艺出版社，1988.
罗杰劳. 威廉欧洲简史[M]. 吉林人民出版社，2005
斯•普•普拉托诺夫（前苏），恩•格•巴甫连柯，伊•符•帕罗季金. 第二次世界大战1939-1945战史概要[M]. 北京战士出版社, 1980.
[15] 史蒂芬•霍金[英]. 时间简史——从大爆炸到黑洞[M]. 牛津大学出版社, 商务印书馆, 1996.
[16] 圣经新旧约全书[M]. 中国基督教出版社，1996.
[17] 藤田たつお 石井松（日）. 长崎的原子弹———蘑菇云带给世界的思考[M]. 解放军出版社, 1985.
[18] 约里奥-居里（法），F.Joliot-Curi. 我想知道的原子世界[M]. 北京世界知识出版社, 1970.
[19] 褚圣麟. 原子物理学[M]. 高等教育出版社, 2000.
作者点评：
欧美人所理解之天堂世界观
Cultures have risen and fallen in the course of history. Christianity is an old religion. Its doctrine is falling behind obviously. When the Enlightenment gathered strength，it was increasingly felt that the concept of God was irrelevant to the pursuit of science. Before the knowledge of science is widely circulated, people even can not understand the natural phenomenon. Religion becomes the explanation of the phenomenon. Under the pressure of feudalism and poor life substrate people want to get freedom, happiness. But their ability is limited by various element, they can not change the reality. So they put their hope on other fields like heaven.
Nowadays the goal become control over the material universe，and ultimately over humanity itself. Particularly in the 20th century, Science and technology are dominant forces in Western culture. Technology is simply the practical application of scientific discovery to the management of nature environment. It is noteworthy that the scientific revolution did not begin under the pursuit of the truth. Many of the early scientists were ardent Christians and pursued their scientific studies with the thought of thinking God’s thoughts. Even in modern time so many scientists have their religion. It is normal for science can not explain everything. So they turn back to religion for the answer. Though occidentals have controlled powerful energy in physic, chemistry, and biology, they still don’t know the essence of it. Artificial theory can not replace the nature rule. But it is not to say that religion can replace the nature rule. The religion maintains the balance between unknown field and ignorance of people. It makes some positive effect and show the power. It gives occidental the guide on morals so that prevent them from lost their way of investigating.
In fact occidentals make religion and modern technique into a whole system of culture. They use technique as a tool that can overcome difficulties. Religion then becomes the moral standard.
资料包括： 论文(22页5911字)
说明：
摘 要：此论文关注西方人是如何看待他们自己神话中的天堂。以及这种世界观如何逐渐形成，主要是从历史研究出发，通过研究古代基督教文明的形成，米兰赦令后天主教的壮大，以及十字军东征所带来的天主教文化与蛮族文化的结合，特别是与昂格鲁-撒克逊文化的结合对西方文化意识形态的影响。就多个方面作出线性的立体的比较。其目的是要为读者提供正确理解西方文化的来源与发展历史的全新视角,以及总结他们以这种千年以前的宗教教义作为他们的道德标准的原因。
关键词 ：时间顺序; 历史; 文化; 天堂; 地狱; 天使; 魔鬼; 基督教
Abstract
This thesis is about occidental’s world view of heaven and how it comes into being. It begins with the research of history. The thesis analyzes the forming of ancient Christianity, and why it becomes strong after the edict of Milan catholic and the Crusades. Christianity blends with Anglo-Saxon culture on Western ideology. It makes the stereoscopic comparison from various aspects. The intent of the thesis is to provide an historical perspective of the origin and development of Western culture and then to draw together all the opinions and summarize the relevant information from that survey, and why the westerners use the doctrine mentioned in the thesis as their moral standard.
Key Words
Timeline; History; Culture; Heaven; hell; Angels; Demons; Christianity
Introduction
Numerous scholars, experts, even scientists devote all their life to study on the puzzle. But most of them to the bitter end got a great many of revelation. In another word they, through a good while and arduous researching, only received more new questions. These people maybe seem a little foolish but in fact they are all brave and genius man for they dare to challenge the ultimate question of human. Through their researching many great authors, maestros, drawer and a lot of mental wealth are born. So the thesis can be spread out based on the wealth.
First of all heaven is an important unit of culture to almost every nation, furthermore its definition all comes from religion. In semantics it is as an abstract sign which imply a kind of space that contains another type of human being who is dead. But in fact the world view of the field is being changed constantly. Most people will be confuse when they read the religious works such as bible, however most non-followers are peoples like this.
This thesis is divided into three historical stages. They are Western Roman Empire period (the period before the Christianity came into being)，Middle Ages and Renaissance period, and the period after world war Ⅱ. The first section illustrates the structure of the Paradise. Coming along with the advance of civilization the world view of heaven has changed lot. The second section describes the condition of Middle Ages, and the third section indicates the condition of followers and non-followers and the different ideology between them. Each section contains the phenomenon, concept and analysis of the world view which existed in occidentals in each period.
目录：
Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
Key Words …………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
关键词 …………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………1
Ⅰ.Ancient Period…………………………………………………………………2
A. The Secret of Bible …………………………………………………………..2
B. The Basic Structure of Paradise ………………………………………………3
Ⅱ. Middle Ages and Renaissance Period…………………………………………4
A. Analysis about Concept after Culture Blending ……………………………4
B. Diagram of the Structure of the Heaven …………………………………….6
C. The Evidence Existing in Paradise Lost……………………….……………7
Ⅲ. The Period after World War Ⅱ………………………………………………9
A. The Summary of New Ideal in Modern Time ……………………………….9
B. Non-followers’ World View ………………………………………………….10
C. Followers’ World View…………………………………. ……………………12
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….15
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………16
Bibliography ……………………………………………………………………….17
参考文献：
Alter, Robert. The World of biblical literature. N. Y. Basic Books Press, 1991.
Arnold, Matthew, God and the Bible: a review of objections to literature and dogma. New York: Macmillan, 1983.
Augustine, Saint, On Genesis: Two books on Genesis against the Manichees. Washington, D.C. Catholic University of America Press, 1990.
Bal, Mieke, Lethal love: feminist literary readings of biblical love stories. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.
Carver Yu. History of Christianity. Oxford University Press, 1990.
H. Faukeel. A Compendium of the Christian Religion. New World Press, 1978.
Magnalia Dei, H. Bavinck. Our Reasonable Faith. 1854-1921.
Seminary, South Hamilton. A Body of Divinity. MA USA CentriHall, Inc. 2004
得恩堡，S.（德）. 第二次世界大战事实真相和虚构捏造[M]. 北京商务印书馆,1962.
李传龙. 圣经文学词典[M]. 北京：北京大学出版社，1998.
梁工. 圣经与欧美作家作品[M],宗教文化出版社，2000.
莱肯 (Ryken L), 圣经文学[M]. 春风文艺出版社，1988.
罗杰劳. 威廉欧洲简史[M]. 吉林人民出版社，2005
斯•普•普拉托诺夫（前苏），恩•格•巴甫连柯，伊•符•帕罗季金. 第二次世界大战1939-1945战史概要[M]. 北京战士出版社, 1980.
[15] 史蒂芬•霍金[英]. 时间简史——从大爆炸到黑洞[M]. 牛津大学出版社, 商务印书馆, 1996.
[16] 圣经新旧约全书[M]. 中国基督教出版社，1996.
[17] 藤田たつお 石井松（日）. 长崎的原子弹———蘑菇云带给世界的思考[M]. 解放军出版社, 1985.
[18] 约里奥-居里（法），F.Joliot-Curi. 我想知道的原子世界[M]. 北京世界知识出版社, 1970.
[19] 褚圣麟. 原子物理学[M]. 高等教育出版社, 2000.
作者点评：
欧美人所理解之天堂世界观
Cultures have risen and fallen in the course of history. Christianity is an old religion. Its doctrine is falling behind obviously. When the Enlightenment gathered strength，it was increasingly felt that the concept of God was irrelevant to the pursuit of science. Before the knowledge of science is widely circulated, people even can not understand the natural phenomenon. Religion becomes the explanation of the phenomenon. Under the pressure of feudalism and poor life substrate people want to get freedom, happiness. But their ability is limited by various element, they can not change the reality. So they put their hope on other fields like heaven.
Nowadays the goal become control over the material universe，and ultimately over humanity itself. Particularly in the 20th century, Science and technology are dominant forces in Western culture. Technology is simply the practical application of scientific discovery to the management of nature environment. It is noteworthy that the scientific revolution did not begin under the pursuit of the truth. Many of the early scientists were ardent Christians and pursued their scientific studies with the thought of thinking God’s thoughts. Even in modern time so many scientists have their religion. It is normal for science can not explain everything. So they turn back to religion for the answer. Though occidentals have controlled powerful energy in physic, chemistry, and biology, they still don’t know the essence of it. Artificial theory can not replace the nature rule. But it is not to say that religion can replace the nature rule. The religion maintains the balance between unknown field and ignorance of people. It makes some positive effect and show the power. It gives occidental the guide on morals so that prevent them from lost their way of investigating.
In fact occidentals make religion and modern technique into a whole system of culture. They use technique as a tool that can overcome difficulties. Religion then becomes the moral standard.