冷战后美国外交的文化阐释
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资料包括： 论文(19页5863字)
说明：
摘 要：外交行为作为一种由特定的人和人群实施的国家行为,从其内容到实现方式和手段都显示出浸润在行为者身上的独特文化底蕴。美国文化作为一种具有强大辐射性和渗透性的软国力,其与政治,经济,军事等要素一样,一直是美国外交行为的基本驱动力之一,文化要素对美国外交行为的作用不像其他要素的作用那么明晰和直接,但它像幽灵一般控制着美国外交行为的基本走向和基本方式,其作用更具有本原性,文化对美国外交行为的作用机理可以看着是文化控制,文化控制使美国的外交行为具有一贯和确定不变的基本走向,更重要的是并确保它不会偏离美国文化的核心价值。其外交行为的那种世所共知的独特个性来源于这个国家的文化特性,外交行为的文化特性就是一种文化特性的转移,复制和表达。文化的工具性能和其在外交行为中发挥的导向性功能使得其在冷战后美国国际大战略的实施中具有重大意义.本文将从：自由主义，现实主义，保守主义三个方面浅析其对美国外交的影响，同时关注文化扩张在其冷战后国际大战略实施中的意义。
关键词：冷战后；美国外交；文化阐释
Abstract
As a national behavior, foreign policy is put into practice by a certain person and made by a specially appointed group of people. It demonstrates the distinctive essence of its national culture from the content to the implementation approach and means. US culture, as a huge soft radioactive and permeable national power, is always the basic driving force of its foreign policy as well as politics, national economy, and military force. Although its influence on US foreign policy is less obvious and direct than the other three key elements, it always curbs the most basic way and tendency of the US foreign policy like a ghost behind. The role it plays in the US foreign policy is more primitive and essential than the others. The cultural function and influence are demonstrated by its control of the US foreign policy; it makes the most basic way and tendency of US foreign policy. What is more important is that it also makes it not deviate from the essence of US values. The characteristic of its foreign policy derives from the essences of its national culture. That is to say, its foreign policy is also a kind of transfer, copy, and embodiment of its culture, and the function of culture and the conduction in foreign policy are very significant to its practice in US Post-cold War global strategy. This paper discusses the influence of its three ideologies: liberalism, realism, and conservatism, on the US foreign policy. In the meantime, it also focuses on the effect of cultural expansion on the US Post-Cold War global strategy.
Key words
Post Cold War; US foreign policy; cultural interpretation
Introduction
US culture, as a huge radioactive and permeable soft power of the nation, is always the basic driving force of the US foreign policy as well as politics, national economy, and military force. Although its influence on the US foreign policy is less obvious and direct than the other three key elements, it always curbs the most basic way and tendency of the US foreign policy like a ghost behind. The role it plays in the US foreign policy is more primitive and essential than the others.
A US scholar, R. Robertson⑸ (p173), thinks that “the influence of culture on the politics is much deeper than many but not all people think who are majored in international relationship. In other words, all the international politics express kinds of certain and special culture. They are all characterized by their distinctive culture…”. He emphasizes here the deep relationship and connection between the real international politics and cultures. It shows us the essences of influence that culture gives to the international politics.
The professor of the University of Texas, R. Grant⑼ (p11), thinks that the US culture is the mix of the Jesus, capitalism, and democracy. They are the three basic elements of US culture, which are inherited from Europe and developed and localized in the following several hundred years since its independence. It can be categorized into three main ideologies, liberalism, realism, and conservatism. These three ideologies are obviously embodied and appeared in the US Post-Cold War foreign policy. They provide the rule and basic guideline of the US foreign policy, and at the same time, the more important thing is that it leads the tendency of foreign policy unconsciously in the US Post-Cold War global strategy. 目录：
Abstract……..…………………………………………….…I
Key Words……………………………………………………………………..……I
摘要………….…………………….…………..……Ⅱ
关键词…………………………………………………………………….……Ⅱ
Introduction…………………………………………………………………….……1
I. A General Discription of the Three Kinds of Ideologies……………….…………2
A. Liberalism.……….………………….…………2
B. Realism…………………………………………………………..………………3
C. Conservatism……………………………………………………..……………3
II. Manifestation and Embodiment of the Three Kinds of Ideologies……………….4
A. Manifestation and Embodiment of Liberalism in American Foreign Policy4
B. Manifestation and Embodiment of Realism in American Foreign Policy……..5
C. Manifestation and Embodiment of Conservatism in American Foreign Policy.6
III. Cultural Interpretation of US Foreign Policy after Cold War……………….7
A.The Emphasis on Human Rights…….…….…..…………………………..……8
B.The Permeation of Culture in International Organizations………..……8
C.The Application of Humanitarianism to Pursue New Interventionism…………9
D.The Application of Market Economy for Cultural Permeation…………………9
E.The Recruitment of Human Talents Using Its Cultural Charming Offensive……………………………………………………..………………..10
Conclusion……………………………………………………………….……….…..12
Acknowledgements…….……………………………………….………………..…..13
Bibliography……………………………………………………………….…….14
参考文献：
Duanmu Yiwan. Reading Course in American & British News Publications. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2001.
Henry Alfred Kissinger. DIPLOMACY. Haikou: Hainan Publishing House, 2005.
John Mearsheimer. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001.
Josephine. Nye. The Paradox of American Power: Why The Worlds Only Superpower Can’t Go It Along. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
R. Robertson. Globalization, Social Theory and Global Culture. London, Sage, 1992.
Samuel. Huntington. The Clash of Civilizations. FOREIGN AFFAIRS, summer, 1993. Published by COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS
http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19930601faessay5188/samuel-p-huntington/the-clash-of-civilizations.html.
Zhu Yongtao. Essentials of British and American cultures. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2005.
布热津斯基. 布热津斯基言论集 [M]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1979.
董小川. 美国文化概论 [M]. 北京：人民出版社，2006.
冯泽辉. 美国文化综述 [M]. 四川：四川人民出版社，2002.
李怀亮，刘悦笛. 文化巨无霸：当代美国文化产业研究 [M]. 广州：广东人民出版社，2006.
任晓，沈丁立. 保守主义与美国外交 [M]. 上海：华东师范大学出版社，2003.
任晓，沈丁立. 现实主义与美国外交 [M]. 上海：华东师范大学出版社，2004.
任晓，沈丁立. 自由主义与美国外交 [M]. 上海：华东师范大学出版社，2005.
[15] 朱明权. 领导世界还是支配世界 [M]. 天津：天津人民出版社，2002.
作者点评：
冷战后美国外交的文化阐释
Since the Harvard professor, the predecessor of Assistant to the Minister of National Defense of the United States, Josephine Nye⑷ (p238, p259), who is the first person to bring the viewpoint of soft power in the middle of 1990s, the cultural perspective is becoming a global insight more and more in politics, economy, and foreign affairs. Cultural is already a kind of special charming offensive in international activities.
US culture, as a huge soft radioactive and permeable national power, is always the basic driving force of its foreign policy as well as politics, national economy, and military force. As a national behavior, foreign policy is put into practice by a certain person and made by a specially appointed group of people. It demonstrates the distinctive essence of its national culture from the content to the implementation approach and means and curbs the most basic way and tendency of the US foreign policy like a ghost behind.
That is to say, its foreign policy is also a kind of transfer, copy, and embodiment of its culture and values. It makes the most basic way and tendency of US foreign policy for it won’t deviate from the essence of US values.
资料包括： 论文(19页5863字)
说明：
摘 要：外交行为作为一种由特定的人和人群实施的国家行为,从其内容到实现方式和手段都显示出浸润在行为者身上的独特文化底蕴。美国文化作为一种具有强大辐射性和渗透性的软国力,其与政治,经济,军事等要素一样,一直是美国外交行为的基本驱动力之一,文化要素对美国外交行为的作用不像其他要素的作用那么明晰和直接,但它像幽灵一般控制着美国外交行为的基本走向和基本方式,其作用更具有本原性,文化对美国外交行为的作用机理可以看着是文化控制,文化控制使美国的外交行为具有一贯和确定不变的基本走向,更重要的是并确保它不会偏离美国文化的核心价值。其外交行为的那种世所共知的独特个性来源于这个国家的文化特性,外交行为的文化特性就是一种文化特性的转移,复制和表达。文化的工具性能和其在外交行为中发挥的导向性功能使得其在冷战后美国国际大战略的实施中具有重大意义.本文将从：自由主义，现实主义，保守主义三个方面浅析其对美国外交的影响，同时关注文化扩张在其冷战后国际大战略实施中的意义。
关键词：冷战后；美国外交；文化阐释
Abstract
As a national behavior, foreign policy is put into practice by a certain person and made by a specially appointed group of people. It demonstrates the distinctive essence of its national culture from the content to the implementation approach and means. US culture, as a huge soft radioactive and permeable national power, is always the basic driving force of its foreign policy as well as politics, national economy, and military force. Although its influence on US foreign policy is less obvious and direct than the other three key elements, it always curbs the most basic way and tendency of the US foreign policy like a ghost behind. The role it plays in the US foreign policy is more primitive and essential than the others. The cultural function and influence are demonstrated by its control of the US foreign policy; it makes the most basic way and tendency of US foreign policy. What is more important is that it also makes it not deviate from the essence of US values. The characteristic of its foreign policy derives from the essences of its national culture. That is to say, its foreign policy is also a kind of transfer, copy, and embodiment of its culture, and the function of culture and the conduction in foreign policy are very significant to its practice in US Post-cold War global strategy. This paper discusses the influence of its three ideologies: liberalism, realism, and conservatism, on the US foreign policy. In the meantime, it also focuses on the effect of cultural expansion on the US Post-Cold War global strategy.
Key words
Post Cold War; US foreign policy; cultural interpretation
Introduction
US culture, as a huge radioactive and permeable soft power of the nation, is always the basic driving force of the US foreign policy as well as politics, national economy, and military force. Although its influence on the US foreign policy is less obvious and direct than the other three key elements, it always curbs the most basic way and tendency of the US foreign policy like a ghost behind. The role it plays in the US foreign policy is more primitive and essential than the others.
A US scholar, R. Robertson⑸ (p173), thinks that “the influence of culture on the politics is much deeper than many but not all people think who are majored in international relationship. In other words, all the international politics express kinds of certain and special culture. They are all characterized by their distinctive culture…”. He emphasizes here the deep relationship and connection between the real international politics and cultures. It shows us the essences of influence that culture gives to the international politics.
The professor of the University of Texas, R. Grant⑼ (p11), thinks that the US culture is the mix of the Jesus, capitalism, and democracy. They are the three basic elements of US culture, which are inherited from Europe and developed and localized in the following several hundred years since its independence. It can be categorized into three main ideologies, liberalism, realism, and conservatism. These three ideologies are obviously embodied and appeared in the US Post-Cold War foreign policy. They provide the rule and basic guideline of the US foreign policy, and at the same time, the more important thing is that it leads the tendency of foreign policy unconsciously in the US Post-Cold War global strategy. 目录：
Abstract……..…………………………………………….…I
Key Words……………………………………………………………………..……I
摘要………….…………………….…………..……Ⅱ
关键词…………………………………………………………………….……Ⅱ
Introduction…………………………………………………………………….……1
I. A General Discription of the Three Kinds of Ideologies……………….…………2
A. Liberalism.……….………………….…………2
B. Realism…………………………………………………………..………………3
C. Conservatism……………………………………………………..……………3
II. Manifestation and Embodiment of the Three Kinds of Ideologies……………….4
A. Manifestation and Embodiment of Liberalism in American Foreign Policy4
B. Manifestation and Embodiment of Realism in American Foreign Policy……..5
C. Manifestation and Embodiment of Conservatism in American Foreign Policy.6
III. Cultural Interpretation of US Foreign Policy after Cold War……………….7
A.The Emphasis on Human Rights…….…….…..…………………………..……8
B.The Permeation of Culture in International Organizations………..……8
C.The Application of Humanitarianism to Pursue New Interventionism…………9
D.The Application of Market Economy for Cultural Permeation…………………9
E.The Recruitment of Human Talents Using Its Cultural Charming Offensive……………………………………………………..………………..10
Conclusion……………………………………………………………….……….…..12
Acknowledgements…….……………………………………….………………..…..13
Bibliography……………………………………………………………….…….14
参考文献：
Duanmu Yiwan. Reading Course in American & British News Publications. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2001.
Henry Alfred Kissinger. DIPLOMACY. Haikou: Hainan Publishing House, 2005.
John Mearsheimer. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001.
Josephine. Nye. The Paradox of American Power: Why The Worlds Only Superpower Can’t Go It Along. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
R. Robertson. Globalization, Social Theory and Global Culture. London, Sage, 1992.
Samuel. Huntington. The Clash of Civilizations. FOREIGN AFFAIRS, summer, 1993. Published by COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS
http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19930601faessay5188/samuel-p-huntington/the-clash-of-civilizations.html.
Zhu Yongtao. Essentials of British and American cultures. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2005.
布热津斯基. 布热津斯基言论集 [M]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1979.
董小川. 美国文化概论 [M]. 北京：人民出版社，2006.
冯泽辉. 美国文化综述 [M]. 四川：四川人民出版社，2002.
李怀亮，刘悦笛. 文化巨无霸：当代美国文化产业研究 [M]. 广州：广东人民出版社，2006.
任晓，沈丁立. 保守主义与美国外交 [M]. 上海：华东师范大学出版社，2003.
任晓，沈丁立. 现实主义与美国外交 [M]. 上海：华东师范大学出版社，2004.
任晓，沈丁立. 自由主义与美国外交 [M]. 上海：华东师范大学出版社，2005.
[15] 朱明权. 领导世界还是支配世界 [M]. 天津：天津人民出版社，2002.
作者点评：
冷战后美国外交的文化阐释
Since the Harvard professor, the predecessor of Assistant to the Minister of National Defense of the United States, Josephine Nye⑷ (p238, p259), who is the first person to bring the viewpoint of soft power in the middle of 1990s, the cultural perspective is becoming a global insight more and more in politics, economy, and foreign affairs. Cultural is already a kind of special charming offensive in international activities.
US culture, as a huge soft radioactive and permeable national power, is always the basic driving force of its foreign policy as well as politics, national economy, and military force. As a national behavior, foreign policy is put into practice by a certain person and made by a specially appointed group of people. It demonstrates the distinctive essence of its national culture from the content to the implementation approach and means and curbs the most basic way and tendency of the US foreign policy like a ghost behind.
That is to say, its foreign policy is also a kind of transfer, copy, and embodiment of its culture and values. It makes the most basic way and tendency of US foreign policy for it won’t deviate from the essence of US values.