从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异
【网学提醒】：本文主要为网上学习者提供从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异，希望对需要从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异网友有所帮助，学习一下吧!
资料包括： 论文(24页6877字)
说明：
摘 要：中国传统文化中权威制的道德观念一直影响着人们的思想和生活。尽管民主与平等的口号提出已久，但在今天的现实生活中，传统的权威观念与西方平权观念的冲突使年轻一代陷于尴尬的处境。男女之间，父母和子女间以及师生之间的尊卑现象依然存在，但西方的平权观念影响着青年一代，为他们的未来提供了发展线索。中西方的这种观念差异给他们留下了足够的思考空间。
本文将中西方道德差异进行了比较，但其目的不是为了解决问题，而是为了找到形成差异的原因。笔者希望在不久的将来人们能找到解决问题的有效办法，希望人们能享有平等，社会更加和谐。
关键词：尊卑； 平权； 道德观念；差异
Abstract
The moral sense of authority in Chinese traditional culture has always influenced people’s thought and life. Although the slogan of democracy and equality has been put forward for a long time, in today’s real life, the conflicts between the traditional sense of authority and the sense of equal rights in western countries make young generation fall into the awkward position. The phenomenon of superior and inferior still exists in the relationship between man and woman, parents and children, teachers and students. However young generation is being affected by the sense of equal rights of the west, it provides some developing clues for their future. The differences of the sense between China and the west left them enough space to think.
This essay compares the moral differences of China and western countries; its purpose is not to solve problems but to find the reasons for the differences. The author hopes that in the near future people can really find some effective methods to solve this problem, and hopes that everyone could enjoy equal rights and the society can become more harmonious.
Key Words
Superiors and inferiors; equal rights; moral sense; differences
Introduction
There are many cultural differences between China and the west. One of the differences is the problem of morality. The doctrine of Confucius and Mencius represents the traditional morals of China. Male superiority, Three Main Principles and the dignity of the teaching profession are all the ideologies of the doctrine. However, the sense of equal rights, democracy, liberty is always advocated by western countries. These new senses have gradually entered into China as the development of society. Thus it is unavoidable that two different kinds of senses conflict with each other. And these conflicts of morals between China and the west make young generation fall into some difficult positions.
The article will elaborate the question from two major aspects. The first aspect is the sense of authority in Chinese traditional culture; the second aspect is the sense of equal rights in western culture, and this article will be carried on from three angles separately: the sexual relations, the relations between parents and children as well as the relations between teachers and students. At present there is not too much research on the topic of superiors and inferiors and equal rights at home and abroad, and the research which could be used is quite scattered, therefore the methods of contrasting and giving examples will be adopted to simplify the proof process, and enable everybody to have a clear train of thought.
Although China and the west respectively have its fit and unfit quality in the two aspects of high and low and equal, the article puts its emphasis on the different performances of Chinese high and low idea in the social life and carries on the description of the thought of equal in the west as one side. Through two different ideas and their performances, people will know that there are some problems in Chinese traditional morals and the reasons for the moral differences. This paper will help Chinese people understand the difficult positions of morals and make them obtain some enlightenment.
目录：
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………I
Key Words…………………………………………………………………………………I
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………..II
关键词……………………………………………………………………………………..II
Introduction………………………………………………………………………….1
I. The Sense of Authority in Chinese Traditional Culture…………………………………2
A. Relationship Between Man and Woman………………………………………..2
1. Problem of Man and Woman in Society…………………………….2
2. Problem of Man and Woman in Family………………………………3
B. Relationship Between Parents and Children……….……………………………3
1. Violence in Children’s Education………………………………………….3
2. Autocratical Treat on Children……………………………………………4
3. Accommodating and Spoiling on Children………………………………………4
C. Relationship between Teachers and Students………………………………. 5
1. Punishment…………………………………………………………………5
2. Be Obedient……………………………………………………………………5
II. The Sense of Equal Rights in the Western Culture……………………………….6
A. Relationship between Man and Woman…………………………………….6
1. History………………………………………………………………………….7
2. Achievements of Feminist Movement………………………………………8
B. Relationship between Parents and Children…………………………8
C. Relationship between Teachers and Students………………………………..9
III. The Awkward Position of the Young Generation in China………………………..9
A. Conflicts between Man and Woman……………………………………………….9
B. Conflicts between Parents and Children………………………….10
C. Conflicts between Teachers and Students………………………………….11
1. Gap between Reality and Ideal on Teaching…………………12
2. Conflicts Caused by Hierarchy……………………………………………..13
3. Distance between Teachers and Students on Sense and Attitude…….13
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………15
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………17
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………….18
参考文献：
Zhu Yongtao. Essentials of British and American Cultures. Bei Jing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2005.
Hunt, Lynn Avery. The Challenge of the West. D.C. Heath and Company, 1995.
Jones, W.T. A History of Western Philosophy. Harcourt,Brace.
Dearden, R.F. Theory and Practice in Education. Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1984.
Seager, Joni. The State of Women in the World Atlas. Penguin.
邵南征. 从西方女权运动看妇女解放[J]. 湖北师范学院学报, 2003，（1）.
刘爱华. 欧美女权运动的历史和现状[J]. 内蒙古大学学报, 2003，（5）.
韦政通. 中国文化与现代生活[M]. 北京：中国人民大学出版社, 2005.
李镇西. 民主与教育[M]. 成都：四川少年儿童出版社, 2004.
余英时. 民主制度与近代文明[M]. 桂林：广西师范大学出版社, 2006.
陈家宝，檀竹生. 不能这样管孩子 [M]. 北京：人民日报出版社, 2004.
德山. 用最少的时间读懂我们的孩子[M]. 北京：海潮出版社, 2003.
魏书生. 好父母 好家教[M]. 桂林：漓江出版社, 2005.
孙云晓，郑新蓉. 21世纪教师与父母必读[M ]. 北京：北京出版社, 2006.
[15]郭兰亭. 咱们孩子的家庭教育[M]. 成都：四川科学技术出版社, 2002.
[16]吴垒，赵建华，田夫. 走出家庭教育的误区[M]. 成都：四川科学技术出版社, 2001.
[17]吴垒，赵建华，田夫. 走出学校教育的误区[M]. 成都：四川科学技术出版社, 2001.
[18]刘海鸥. 从传统到启蒙:中国传统家庭伦理的近代嬗变[M]. 北京：中国社会科学出版社, 2005.
[19]李桂梅. 冲突与融合:中国传统家庭伦理的现代转向及现代价值[M].长沙：中南大学出版社,2002.
作者点评：
从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异
In the study of the cultural differences between China and the west, moral differences are just one aspect of it. Many western scholars often criticize Chinese people’s sense of morality. However, Chinese experts and scholars also have their own stand and point of view on this problem. The different thoughts are caused by two different attitudes to morals.
China is a country with the civilization of more than 5000 years, and has experienced long history of feudalism. The traditional consciousness and moral sense is not formed within one day, so some senses have already taken root in people’s mind, just like superior and inferior. And under the family and school education, these senses are more or less passed on to the later generations. Furthermore, China is in a transition period, some Chinese people have the spirit of democracy and equality, but others still retain the traditional sense of superior and inferior. So Chinese people need quite a long time to make themselves naturally receive the thought of equal rights. And this road is rugged and uneven and full of brambles.
As is known to all, western countries entered into the course of democracy much earlier than China. For example, America has the history of democracy over 200 years. Such a long process of democracy makes them accept new ideologies earlier, so that they have prepared a lot in advance.
In the past time, Chinese traditional culture was very stable, and the society was seldom changed, so young people could always receive experiences from elders. But in modern society new knowledge is more valuable than old knowledge, and new experience is more benefit than old experience, in this situation, if young people still obey elders according to the tradition, they may lack of the ability of adapting themselves to circumstances. So superiors and inferiors, equal rights are a problem of adapting, and only when traditional senses can help people to adapt to new positions can they retain them, otherwise, it will perplex their lives.
This essay compared the moral differences of China and western countries; its purpose is not to solve problems but to find the reasons for the differences. The author hopes that in the near future people can really find some effective methods to solve this problem, and hopes that everyone could enjoy equal rights and the society can become more harmonious.
资料包括： 论文(24页6877字)
说明：
摘 要：中国传统文化中权威制的道德观念一直影响着人们的思想和生活。尽管民主与平等的口号提出已久，但在今天的现实生活中，传统的权威观念与西方平权观念的冲突使年轻一代陷于尴尬的处境。男女之间，父母和子女间以及师生之间的尊卑现象依然存在，但西方的平权观念影响着青年一代，为他们的未来提供了发展线索。中西方的这种观念差异给他们留下了足够的思考空间。
本文将中西方道德差异进行了比较，但其目的不是为了解决问题，而是为了找到形成差异的原因。笔者希望在不久的将来人们能找到解决问题的有效办法，希望人们能享有平等，社会更加和谐。
关键词：尊卑； 平权； 道德观念；差异
Abstract
The moral sense of authority in Chinese traditional culture has always influenced people’s thought and life. Although the slogan of democracy and equality has been put forward for a long time, in today’s real life, the conflicts between the traditional sense of authority and the sense of equal rights in western countries make young generation fall into the awkward position. The phenomenon of superior and inferior still exists in the relationship between man and woman, parents and children, teachers and students. However young generation is being affected by the sense of equal rights of the west, it provides some developing clues for their future. The differences of the sense between China and the west left them enough space to think.
This essay compares the moral differences of China and western countries; its purpose is not to solve problems but to find the reasons for the differences. The author hopes that in the near future people can really find some effective methods to solve this problem, and hopes that everyone could enjoy equal rights and the society can become more harmonious.
Key Words
Superiors and inferiors; equal rights; moral sense; differences
Introduction
There are many cultural differences between China and the west. One of the differences is the problem of morality. The doctrine of Confucius and Mencius represents the traditional morals of China. Male superiority, Three Main Principles and the dignity of the teaching profession are all the ideologies of the doctrine. However, the sense of equal rights, democracy, liberty is always advocated by western countries. These new senses have gradually entered into China as the development of society. Thus it is unavoidable that two different kinds of senses conflict with each other. And these conflicts of morals between China and the west make young generation fall into some difficult positions.
The article will elaborate the question from two major aspects. The first aspect is the sense of authority in Chinese traditional culture; the second aspect is the sense of equal rights in western culture, and this article will be carried on from three angles separately: the sexual relations, the relations between parents and children as well as the relations between teachers and students. At present there is not too much research on the topic of superiors and inferiors and equal rights at home and abroad, and the research which could be used is quite scattered, therefore the methods of contrasting and giving examples will be adopted to simplify the proof process, and enable everybody to have a clear train of thought.
Although China and the west respectively have its fit and unfit quality in the two aspects of high and low and equal, the article puts its emphasis on the different performances of Chinese high and low idea in the social life and carries on the description of the thought of equal in the west as one side. Through two different ideas and their performances, people will know that there are some problems in Chinese traditional morals and the reasons for the moral differences. This paper will help Chinese people understand the difficult positions of morals and make them obtain some enlightenment.
目录：
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………I
Key Words…………………………………………………………………………………I
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………..II
关键词……………………………………………………………………………………..II
Introduction………………………………………………………………………….1
I. The Sense of Authority in Chinese Traditional Culture…………………………………2
A. Relationship Between Man and Woman………………………………………..2
1. Problem of Man and Woman in Society…………………………….2
2. Problem of Man and Woman in Family………………………………3
B. Relationship Between Parents and Children……….……………………………3
1. Violence in Children’s Education………………………………………….3
2. Autocratical Treat on Children……………………………………………4
3. Accommodating and Spoiling on Children………………………………………4
C. Relationship between Teachers and Students………………………………. 5
1. Punishment…………………………………………………………………5
2. Be Obedient……………………………………………………………………5
II. The Sense of Equal Rights in the Western Culture……………………………….6
A. Relationship between Man and Woman…………………………………….6
1. History………………………………………………………………………….7
2. Achievements of Feminist Movement………………………………………8
B. Relationship between Parents and Children…………………………8
C. Relationship between Teachers and Students………………………………..9
III. The Awkward Position of the Young Generation in China………………………..9
A. Conflicts between Man and Woman……………………………………………….9
B. Conflicts between Parents and Children………………………….10
C. Conflicts between Teachers and Students………………………………….11
1. Gap between Reality and Ideal on Teaching…………………12
2. Conflicts Caused by Hierarchy……………………………………………..13
3. Distance between Teachers and Students on Sense and Attitude…….13
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………15
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………17
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………….18
参考文献：
Zhu Yongtao. Essentials of British and American Cultures. Bei Jing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2005.
Hunt, Lynn Avery. The Challenge of the West. D.C. Heath and Company, 1995.
Jones, W.T. A History of Western Philosophy. Harcourt,Brace.
Dearden, R.F. Theory and Practice in Education. Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1984.
Seager, Joni. The State of Women in the World Atlas. Penguin.
邵南征. 从西方女权运动看妇女解放[J]. 湖北师范学院学报, 2003，（1）.
刘爱华. 欧美女权运动的历史和现状[J]. 内蒙古大学学报, 2003，（5）.
韦政通. 中国文化与现代生活[M]. 北京：中国人民大学出版社, 2005.
李镇西. 民主与教育[M]. 成都：四川少年儿童出版社, 2004.
余英时. 民主制度与近代文明[M]. 桂林：广西师范大学出版社, 2006.
陈家宝，檀竹生. 不能这样管孩子 [M]. 北京：人民日报出版社, 2004.
德山. 用最少的时间读懂我们的孩子[M]. 北京：海潮出版社, 2003.
魏书生. 好父母 好家教[M]. 桂林：漓江出版社, 2005.
孙云晓，郑新蓉. 21世纪教师与父母必读[M ]. 北京：北京出版社, 2006.
[15]郭兰亭. 咱们孩子的家庭教育[M]. 成都：四川科学技术出版社, 2002.
[16]吴垒，赵建华，田夫. 走出家庭教育的误区[M]. 成都：四川科学技术出版社, 2001.
[17]吴垒，赵建华，田夫. 走出学校教育的误区[M]. 成都：四川科学技术出版社, 2001.
[18]刘海鸥. 从传统到启蒙:中国传统家庭伦理的近代嬗变[M]. 北京：中国社会科学出版社, 2005.
[19]李桂梅. 冲突与融合:中国传统家庭伦理的现代转向及现代价值[M].长沙：中南大学出版社,2002.
作者点评：
从尊卑与平权看中西方文化的道德差异
In the study of the cultural differences between China and the west, moral differences are just one aspect of it. Many western scholars often criticize Chinese people’s sense of morality. However, Chinese experts and scholars also have their own stand and point of view on this problem. The different thoughts are caused by two different attitudes to morals.
China is a country with the civilization of more than 5000 years, and has experienced long history of feudalism. The traditional consciousness and moral sense is not formed within one day, so some senses have already taken root in people’s mind, just like superior and inferior. And under the family and school education, these senses are more or less passed on to the later generations. Furthermore, China is in a transition period, some Chinese people have the spirit of democracy and equality, but others still retain the traditional sense of superior and inferior. So Chinese people need quite a long time to make themselves naturally receive the thought of equal rights. And this road is rugged and uneven and full of brambles.
As is known to all, western countries entered into the course of democracy much earlier than China. For example, America has the history of democracy over 200 years. Such a long process of democracy makes them accept new ideologies earlier, so that they have prepared a lot in advance.
In the past time, Chinese traditional culture was very stable, and the society was seldom changed, so young people could always receive experiences from elders. But in modern society new knowledge is more valuable than old knowledge, and new experience is more benefit than old experience, in this situation, if young people still obey elders according to the tradition, they may lack of the ability of adapting themselves to circumstances. So superiors and inferiors, equal rights are a problem of adapting, and only when traditional senses can help people to adapt to new positions can they retain them, otherwise, it will perplex their lives.
This essay compared the moral differences of China and western countries; its purpose is not to solve problems but to find the reasons for the differences. The author hopes that in the near future people can really find some effective methods to solve this problem, and hopes that everyone could enjoy equal rights and the society can become more harmonious.