“拂过水仙的蕙风”——华兹华斯与汪静之作品浅析
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内容摘要：作为自然主义诗人，华兹华斯更多的是关注现实世界中的植物、动物、地理、天气等环境因素，他主张通过给予自然人类特有的特性来显示自然的力量及对人的影响。因此许多时候,他都会把自然作为喻体,借物喻人。同时华兹华斯在大部分作品中都惯于采用关联、暗喻、拟人等修辞手法。而汪静之，受五四和现代西方文学思潮的影响，也对自然情有独钟；在他的诗中，华兹华斯所采用的手法也依稀可见。
两人都在诗歌语言、诗律与设计上做了大胆的尝试；在结构和风格上创作出许多不同的形式。总体来说，两人对自由的颂扬、诗情的自发性和对自然的爱在《水仙》和《蕙的风》中都显而易见；两位诗人的生活经历确实有颇多相似之处，然而细品其诗就不难发现，在相似的自然美景之下，却包含着两位诗人不同的思想情怀和人生态度，在情感特征上更显差异。
若仔细分析两位诗人的作品，更确切来说,仔细分析《水仙》和《蕙的风》,人们会发现他们的时空描写方式和抒情方式都存在着这样那样的差异。对汪静之而言，其语言之精炼自然不如华兹华斯，其情感之成熟细腻亦非能与华兹华斯媲美，本文旨在通过分析这两位诗人的爱情诗赋在抒情对象、浪漫主义特征、情感特征和语言风格上的差异, 试图展示华兹华斯作品的成熟与纯净，汪静之作品的单纯与粗糙。
关键词: 自然 暗喻 成熟与单纯
Abstract
Being regarded as a quintessential poet as a naturalist, Wordsworth always paid close attention to the details of the physical environment around him (e.g. plants, animals, geography, and weather). He gave nature personal attributes to show the impact and strength that nature brought to a man''s life. No wonder, most of the time nature appeared in his poems as a metaphor of human being. And in most of his works, parallelism, metaphor and personalization were adopted. While Wang Jingzhi, who was under the influence of the May Fourth Movement and the modern trend from the west, also focused on nature with great passion. Thus, the figure of speech used by Wordsworth could be found in his works.
Both of them had also made bold experiments in poetic language, versification and design, and constructed a variety of forms on original principles of structure and style. Generally speaking, they celebrated individual freedom, spontaneity, and love of nature, which could be found in The Daffodils and Wind from the Orchid. They did share some similarities in life experiences. However, by looking into the details, divergence in their thoughts and attitudes toward life under the same circumstance can be easily found in their works, and the differences on emotional characteristics are more obvious.
Looking into the details, to be more exact, through the analysis on The Daffodils and Wind from the Orchid, it’s not difficult to find that there are always differences between the two poets’ writing style and lyricism on time and space. As for Wang Jingzhi, his works are far more behind Wordsworth’s in the aspect of writing techniques and linguistic style．By comparison, this thesis is attempted to disclose the maturity and purity in Wordsworth’s works and the immaturity and simplicity inWang Jingzhi’s works.
Key Words：nature metaphor maturity and simplicity
Chapter1 Introduction
While talking about the lake poets in the west, William Wordsworth is sure to come to people’s minds in the first place. Being regarded as a quintessential poet as a naturalist, he always paid close attention to the details of the physical environment around him (e.g. plants, animals, geography, and weather). Though simple in language, the connotation of Wordsworth’s works was not common or singular; like Milton, he was a poet who almost resists the possibility of final or definitive interpretation. There are always waves of daffodils in The Daffodils. And the scene is so pleasant, as to express his eager for peace life, and his enthrallment towards nature. His view of nonhuman nature is likewise open-ended.
Acknowledgements……………………………..………………………………………….…ⅰ
Abstract in English.……………………………………………..……………..………..……ⅱ
Abstract in Chinese…………………………………………….……..………….…..…….…ⅲ
Contents.…..ⅳ
Chapter1 Introduction………………………………….…………………………1
Chapter 2 Literature Review………….…………………..……..………..……………….……3
Chapter 3 The Background Information of the Two Poets……………………………….……..5
3.1 The General Information of the Two Poets ……………………………….….5
3.2 William Wordsworth and His Works……………..…………………..….…..…….…6
3.3 Wang Jingzhi and His Works……………………………………………….8
Chapter 4 Detailed Analyses and Comparison…………………………………………………10
4.1 The Linguistic Style and the Emotional Characteristics………………………………10
4.1.1 Analysis on The Daffodils.….10
4.1.2 Analysis on Wind from the Orchid ……….……………………………..….11
4.2 Differences in Emotional Characteristics..………………………………………..12
4.3 Similarities in Linguistic Style…………………………………………………….14
4.4 Summary…………………………..……………………………………………….….15
Chapter 5 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………..17
5.1 Significance of the Present Research………………………………….………….…17
5.2 Summary of the Study……….17
Bibliography…………………………………..………………….……..………..…19
Appendices……………………………………………………………………………………21
Appendix A……………………………………….…..……………………….…..21
Appendix B.…22
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“拂过水仙的蕙风”——华兹华斯与汪静之作品浅析
From the aspect of language, Wordsworth deserved the title of “master of language”; he had also made bold trying in poetic language, versification and design, and constructed a variety of forms on original principles of structure and style. As Wang Jingzhi was educated by classical Chinese; still, he knew too little about modern Chinese language, the classical Chinese feature unavoidable dominated in his works, actually if it was not because of this, the language might have been more profound. In respect of age, witnessing the failure of French Revolution, Wordsworth became more mature in mind and shifted his thoughts to a broader range, what he seeked was not only about simplicity or purity, or to escape the turbulence of society, but sympathy for the laboring class and his detest for the capitalism. He was a self-consciously literary artist who described "the mind of man" as the "main haunt and region of his song."(Jiang Jianjun, 2002). This tension between objective describer of the natural scene and subjective shaper of sensory experience might partly be the result of Wordsworth''s view of the mind as "creator and receiver both." He consistently described his own mind as the recipient of external sensations which were then rendered into its own mental creations (Net 1). While Wang Jingzhi being no more than 22, was studying in the college with less experience in life. As he was born to a well-off family, he didn’t even know how hard it was to earn a living by the normal people around him at his age. What in his mind were candid love and a pure childish view. For most of the time, he might not have comprehended what a poet need to know about. More experience would surely do him a great help on inspiration of composing. With regard to the writing technique, Wordsworth was careful on every word adopted; by comparison, Wang Jingzhi’s techniques were too candid as to have ignored the rhythm which was necessary for poems composition.