摘要：近年来，随着国际争议的日益增多和日趋复杂，涉及仲裁协议的当事人以外的第三人的情况客观存在，理论界对于是否应该设立仲裁第三人制度存在很大分歧，本文阐述了争议双方的主要观点及理由，并列举了世界上其他国家对仲裁第三人制度的立法及实践经验。文章从仲裁第三人概念的辨析着手，对仲裁中引入第三人制度的理论争鸣与实践态度加以比较分析，从仲裁内在的原则出发，通过比较国际上一些通行的做法，结合我国诉讼和仲裁立法与实践，认为仲裁中不应存在第三人制度。因为仲裁毕竟不同于诉讼，仲裁中设立第三人制度存在着重大的理论障碍，即仲裁权的来源是仲裁协议，仲裁权与诉讼权存在着本质区别，这注定仲裁不能仿效诉讼设立第三人制度。同时，设立第三人制度还将严重违背仲裁的效益、公平与保密等价值取向。
关键词：仲裁第三人 仲裁协议 诉讼
Abstract
In recent years， with the increasing and the more complex of the international dispute，third party in arbitration which is not involved in the arbitration exists， theorists argue whether the third human of system should exist，this article elaborated the two parties major point and the reason， and enumerated the legislation and the experience in the other countries，throughout the theoretical and practical analysis. The article from arbitrates the third person of concept the discrimination to begin, to arbitrates introduces the third person of system''s theory to contend with the practice manner performs the comparative analysis, embarks from the arbitration intrinsic principle, through comparison internationally some general procedures, unifies our country lawsuit and the arbitration legislates and practices, thought that in the arbitration should not have the third person of system. Because arbitrates is different with the lawsuit, in the arbitration sets up the third person of system to have the significant theory barrier, namely the arbitration power''s origin is the arbitral agreement, the arbitration power and the lawsuit power has the essence to distinguish, this is doomed to arbitrate cannot imitate the lawsuit to set up the third person of system. At the same time, will set up the third person of system also seriously to violate the arbitration the benefit, fair and value orientations and so on security.
Key Words：third party in arbitration proceedings；arbitration agreement；lawsuit
引言
随着国际商事交往的不断扩大和国内商事活动的日益繁盛,仲裁作为一种诉讼外纠纷解决机制得到迅速发展。“一笔交易,尤其是一笔跨国商事交易往往涉及多方当事人,一旦发生纠纷,让有关当事人尽可能参加到同一个纠纷解决程序中来,无疑有助于纠纷的一次性解决”。但是,仲裁不同于诉讼,诉讼法规定了第三人参加诉讼的制度；而根据仲裁法,仲裁只能在仲裁协议的双方当事人之间进行。因此,在仲裁中,经常出现第三方为了维护自己的权益,申请参加仲裁程序而被拒之门外的情形。为解决这一矛盾,一些学者提出了设立仲裁第三人制度的设想，由于仲裁第三人制度涉及仲裁协议这一仲裁制度的基石,目前我国学界对这个问题的看法分歧很大。就世界范围而言,也还远未达到理论和实践上的一致。仲裁第三人的概念应如何界定?仲裁制度中是否有存在第三人的必要?本文拟对这些问题进行分析。
