摘 要:直流稳压开关电源主要分为线性稳压电源和开关稳压电源两种。开关稳压电源主要由高压整流、滤波、变压、脉宽和频率调节等环节组成。本文所设计的双回路直流稳压开关电源采用电感储能式变换器。设计将通过对初级绕组、次级绕组和反馈绕组的匝数调节以及对启动电阻、反馈强度等因素的计算和调节来完成设计指标。本直流稳压开关电源的设计可以应用与小电器的充电,通讯等设备。
关键词:开关稳压电源;整流;滤波;自激式
Abstract:Switching Power Supply DC regulated power supply is divided into linear and two types of switching power supply. Mainly in switching power supply high voltage rectifier, filter, transformer, pulse width and frequency of conditioning components such as links. In this paper, designed by double-loop switching power supply DC converter using inductive energy storage. Design of the primary winding, secondary winding and the feedback regulation of winding turns and the startup resistor, feedback calculation of such factors as the strength and conditioning to complete the design specifications. The DC switching power supply design can be applied to the charging of small electrical appliances, communications and other equipment.
Key words:Switching Power Supply;Rectifier;Filtering;Self-excited
1 引言
开关稳压电源问世后,在很多领域逐步取代了线性稳压电源和晶闸管相控电源。早期出现的是串联型开关电源,其主电路拓扑与线性电源相仿,但功率晶体管工作于开关状态。随着脉宽调制(PWM)技术的发展,PWM开关电源问世,它的特点是用20KHz的载波进行脉冲宽度调制,电源的效率可达65%-70%,而线性电源的效率只有30%-40%。因此,用工作频率为20KHz的PWM开关电源替代线性电源,可大幅度节约能源,从而引起了人们的广泛关注,在电源技术发展史上被誉为20KHz革命。 随着超大规模集成(ultra-large-scale-integrated-ULSI)芯片尺寸的不断减小,电源的尺寸与微处理器相比要大得多;而航天、潜艇、军用开关电源以及用电池的便携式电子设备(如手提计算机、移动电话等)更需要小型化、轻量化的电源。因此,对开关电源提出了小型轻量要求,包括磁性元件和电容的体积重量也要小 。此外,还要求开关电源效率要更高,性能更好,可靠性更高等。这一切高新要求便促进了开关电源的不断发展和进步。