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论文编号:SP030 论文字数:8258,页数:20
摘要:紫甘薯中含有丰富的花色苷类物质,是一种极具开发价值的天然色素资源。本文对紫甘薯天然色素的微波辅助提取条件及性质进行初步研究。结果表明,用微波辅助提取紫甘薯天然色素,不仅节省时间,而且提取效果好。通过单因素和正交试验得出微波提取紫甘薯天然色素的最佳条件是:微波功率60%(480 W),提取时间60 s、料液比(g:ml)1:3,提取次数为3次。紫甘薯天然色素的浓度与其OD值之间有很强的正相关性;pH值对色素最大吸收峰有明显影响,pH3.0以下色素最大吸收波长为520 nm;色素在酸性条件下较稳定,随着pH值升高,稳定性逐渐下降,强碱性条件下易被破坏;光的直接照射会影响色素的稳定性;金属离子Cu2+、Ca2+、K+、Mg2+、Fe2+和Fe3+对色素的影响不明显;同时,糖、盐和防腐剂对色素的影响也较小,但H2O2对紫甘薯天然色素影响较大。
关键词:紫甘薯;天然色素;微波辅助提取;性质
Microwave Assisted Extraction and Properties of Natural Pigment
from Purple Sweet Potato
Abstract: The microwave assisted extraction conditions and some physical and chemical properties of the natural pigment from the purple sweet potato were preliminarily investigated. The results showed that the microwave assisted extraction was effective method in this study. Based on a series of single factor and their orthogonal experiments, it was found that the best conditions of extraction for natural red pigment from purple sweet potato were:microwave power 480 W, extraction time 60 s and the ratio of solid to liquid 1:3(g:ml). The pigment was significantly affected by the pH value, and it was very stable under acidic conditions, when the peak of absorption wavelength was at 520 nm. Additionally, sugar (5% sucrose and 5% glucose), salt (1%NaCl) and antiseptic (1% Sodium benzoate), and some metal ions such as Cu2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, K+, Fe3+ and Mg2+ had little effect on its stability. However, H202 had a significant effect on the stability.
Key words:purple sweet potato;natural pigment;microwave assisted extraction;properties
目录
摘要 1
目录 2
1 前言 2
2 材料与方法 3
2.1 试验材料 3
2.1.1 植物材料及溶剂 3
2.1.2 主要设备 4
2.2 色素提取与初步纯化主要流程 4
2.3 紫甘薯色素含量的分析方法 4
3 结果与分析 4
3.1 微波提取的单因素试验 4
3.1.1 微波功率对色素提取的影响 5
3.1.2 微波提取时间对色素提取的影响 5
3.1.3 提取体系料液比对色素提取的影响 6
3.2 微波提取工艺的正交试验优化 7
3.2.1 正交试验表设计 7
3.2.2 试验结果与分析 8
3.3 微波辅助提取次数的确定 9
3.4 色素性质研究试验 9
3.4.1 色素粉效能的试验 9
3.4.2 pH值对吸收光谱影响的试验 11
3.4.3 pH值对紫甘薯色素颜色影响的试验 12
3.4.4 pH值对紫甘薯色素稳定性影响的试验 12
3.4.5 光照对色素稳定性影响的试验 13
3.4.6 温度对色素稳定性影响的试验 13
3.4.7 各种金属离子对色素稳定性影响的试验 15
3.4.8 糖、盐对色素稳定性影响的试验 16
3.4.9 防腐剂、H2O2对色素稳定性影响的试验 16
4 讨论与小结 16
参 考 文 献 18
致 谢 20