论腾冲人民在滇西抗战中的贡献

论文编号:LS189  论文字数:11523,页数:14

论腾冲人民在滇西抗战中的贡献

摘要
                      
 太平洋战争爆发以后，日本为了尽快实现其“大陆政策”。迅速占领了东南亚越南、缅甸等国。1942年5月，祖国西南边陲的畹町、腾冲等重镇相继失守。中国政府也迅速组织部队进行阻击，滇西抗战由此开始。在滇西抗战中，腾冲民众付出了巨大的牺牲，经受了难以想象的苦难。腾冲沦陷后，原来驻守腾冲的监督、县长不战而退，弃城而逃。腾冲爱国绅士，各界代表，迅速在敌人占领区，组成县务会议，继而成立抗日县政府，领导民众开展了艰苦卓绝的抗日活动。县城沦陷后，及时救助县城逃往四乡的难民，并组织数千骡马抢运沦陷区的物资，以保障抗日军民的急需。在基本安置了民众生活的同时，配合军队开展游击战争，记有“归化寺战斗”、“香柏嘴战斗”、“古永战斗”、“黄泥坎战斗”等十数次，歼敌数百名。这些战斗虽然规模不大，但所有都是在敌人占领区内开展的，使敌处处受袭，不得安宁，牵制了日军主力，支援了缅甸战场。腾冲城沦陷期间，城中除日寇及汉奸宵小潜居外 ，市民都疏散远避，与敌不共戴天。敌人多方谋划引诱，劝令迁回，并拟恢复市集，但是，市民宁愿在农村受苦，也不愿回城做“顺民”，致使腾冲城成为一座死城，粉碎了敌伪的经济掠夺、政治奴役、军事占领并扩大侵略的罪恶企图。这是腾冲民众对日寇的恨，而对为民作战的远征军则充满由衷的爱。当远征军返攻县城时，腾冲出动4万6千多名民工，运送弹药粮秣、抢修桥梁公路、当向导、抬担架、救护伤员、侦察敌情，以至家无青壮，致使到保山户帕运送60万斤军粮的任务落于老弱妇孺肩上。1万多民夫，如龙似蚁，往来于百里路程的崎岖山岭间，不过五六日的时间，就将60万斤军粮运完。目睹此状的远征军及美军官兵，至为感动，赞叹为“空前罕见”。当远征军返攻高黎恭山及来凤山时，军粮供应不上，将士忍饥杀敌，腾北地区及城郊的和顺、洞山的千家万户的民众，宁可自己不吃或少吃，将煮熟的饭菜，冒着枪林弹雨，送往阵地。这两次战役投入兵力数万，历时数十天。其粮食消耗量之巨大可想而知，但是，腾冲民众最大限度地加以承担。所有这些都反映出了腾冲人民的英雄壮举、不怕牺牲的爱国热情和坚强不屈的意志。由此可知：腾冲人民在滇西抗战中做出了巨大的贡献。

关键词：滇西抗战  抗日政府  普通民众  贡献

Discussing the Contribution of TengChong People in DianXi Protecting War

Abstract

 As soon as the war of the Pacific broke out, Japan took action to occupy Vietnam and Burma quickly in order to carry out them“Mainland Policy”. In May.1942, the crucial towns in the south-western were lost one by one and the Chinese government organized to launch a counteroffensive in time. Thus, DianXi Protecting War began. In this battle, people of TengChong suffered a lot made huge sacrifices, but it was a real pity that at last they still lost them hometown. Although there was no commander, the dedicated patriots aroused the masses to unfold the toughest struggle. They relieved refugees, delivered supplies and also launched guerrilla war to match with the army. All these battles were small ones, however, they made the enemy an unfavorable situation and supported Burma battlefield. On the one hand, people put up resistance against aggression. On the other hand, they showed hearty appreciation to the expeditionary force who fight for their interests, they transported medicines and ammunition, constructed roads and bridges, rescued the wounded and gathered intelligence about the enemy. When the military food supplies were lacking, hundreds of thousands of people would take the food to the front under the enemy’s heavy fire. All these witnessed the spirit of people of TengChong—strong—willed and patriotic. And from above, we all know the great contribution TengChong’s people made to the protecting war.

Key words: DianXi Protecting War; Government of Resistance Against Japan; Common People; Contribution.

目录

引言…………………………………………………………………………………1
文献综述……………………………………………………………………………1
研究方法……………………………………………………………………………2
讨论与分析…………………………………………………………………………2
一、腾冲抗日政府对滇西抗战的贡献……………………………………………4
1．整顿乡村基层 …………………………………………………………………4
2．举办各类战时培训班，训练基层行政人员，加强抗战队伍的建设 ………4
3．清查户口，防止日军及其间谍渗透 …………………………………………5
4．重新组织自卫组织 ……………………………………………………………5
5．赈济难民及远征军散兵 ………………………………………………………6
6．组织民众助战 …………………………………………………………………7
7．组织军民合作站　劳军和优待抗属 …………………………………………7
8．成立军政联席会议 ……………………………………………………………8
9．组织抢运物资 …………………………………………………………………8
二、腾冲普通民众在滇西抗战中的贡献…………………………………………8
1．助战 ……………………………………………………………………………9
2．义救抗日志士 …………………………………………………………………10
3．援救英军将士 …………………………………………………………………10
4．出动大量民夫帮助部队 ………………………………………………………10
5．供应军需粮秣 …………………………………………………………………11
6．修建国殇墓园 …………………………………………………………………11
7．腾冲华侨对滇西抗战的贡献 …………………………………………………12
结论…………………………………………………………………………………13
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………14