64座客车空调系统设计及换热器的优化

车辆工程专业毕业论文，论文编号:JX885  论文字数:30733.页数:52

摘要
 客车空调系统设计合理，不仅会改善乘员的乘坐舒适性，而且也能大大提高客车产品在市场中的竞争能力。本设计对整个空调车室的传热过程进行了具体分析，认为该传热过程是一个非稳态的传热过程。对 HFF6120GK88 空调客车夏季工况的冷负荷进行了具体计算，并计算出了相应空调送风量的大小。从空调制冷原理及客车设计的特点出发，结合客车实际运行情况，客车在常用车速下，空调系统制冷量与客车车室所需的制冷量相符合的原则，保证了空调系统性能的充分发挥。本设计对 HFF6120GK88 客车的气流组织进行了分析与计算，确定该空调采用上送风上回风的气流组织形式，并对送风口、回风口的大小及风速进行了计算；完成了 HFF6120GK88 客车送风管道布置设计，计算了风道的实际送风量，为以后空调冷风管道的合理设计积累了宝贵的经验。
关键词：客车空调 制冷量 制冷系统

Abstract
 If the bus air-conditioning system design is reasonable, not only can improve passenger''s riding comfortableness, but also can increase the product''s competitive ability greatly in market. First, the entire air conditioning room heat transfer process has carried on detailed analysis in the paper, know it is a non-stable state heat transfer process. Calculating the air conditioning cold load to be reasonable, then utilized the overtone respond method, the summer cold load has counted to HFF6120GK88 air conditioning bus, and calculated the amount of sending wind. From the air conditioning refrigeration principle and the characteristic of the passenger train designs embark, unifies the bus actual movement situation,, which the air-conditioning system refrigeration quantity and the passenger train vehicle room needs the refrigeration quantity tallies. The paper has carried on the analysis and the computation to HFF6120GK88 bus airflow form, determined this air-conditioning device used on top supply air and top return air organization form, the supply air opening and return air opening, the size and the wind speed has carried on the computation too; Has completed HFF6120GK88 bus supply air duct arrangement design, has calculated the air duct actual supply air quantity, accumulated the precious experience for later air-conditioning supply air duct reasonable design.
Key words: Bus Air-Conditioning   Refrigerating capacity   Refrigeration system

目   录
摘要.Ⅰ
AbstractⅡ
目录.Ⅲ
绪论1
课题背景...1
概论1
汽车空调的功用1
汽车空调的发展历程.2
我国汽车空调的现状.2
汽车空调的特点.3
HFF6120GK88客车简介及参数...5
第二章 HFF6120GK88客车空调制冷系统的设计及换热器的优化8
 2.1 空调的工作原理.8
 2.2 冷负荷计算.9
2.2.1工作条件的确定9
2.2.2 冷负荷的构成...9
2.2.3太阳辐射的冷负荷的确定9
2.2.4玻璃渗入热量的冷负荷..10
2.2.5新风传入车厢热量的冷负荷..11
2.2.6乘员人体散发热量的冷负荷..12
2.2.7通过主、副发动机传入热量的冷负荷..12
2.2.8通过空调送风机等仪表传入热量的冷负荷..13
2.2.9客车空调设计冷负荷的确定..13
2.2.10客车空调室内人员散湿量的计算13
 2.3 HFF6120GK88客车空调送风量的计算..14
 2.4换热器15
 2.4.1换热器的作用与基本要求.16
 2.4.2冷凝器的设计与校核计算.16
 2.4.3冷凝器的优化设计.20
 2.4.4蒸发器的作用与特点.21
 2.4.5蒸发器的设计与校核计算.21
 2.4.6蒸发器的优化设计.25
 2.5 压缩机的选配...25
 2.5.1粗选压缩机型号.........25
 2.5.2选定压缩机.28
 2.6 热力膨胀阀的设计...28
     2.6.1热力膨胀阀的选择与安装.29
 2.7 贮液干燥器...30
 2.8 小结...31
第三章 HFF6120GK88客车空调系统的布置设计..32
 3.1 概述...32
 3.2HFF6120GK8客车顶置空调的布置形式.32
 3.3 HFF6120GK88客车顶置空调的固定设计..32
 3.3.1客车顶置空调的固定方式选择.32
 3.3.2 HFF6120GK88客车顶置空调的固定...34
 3.4 客车空调压缩机的布置...35
 3.5 小结...35
第四章 HFF6120GK88客车室内气流组织及送风管道设计计算..36
 4.1 概述...36
 4.2气流组织的影响因数36
 4.3气流组织的计算37
 4.4空调送风管道的设计与计算38
 4.4.1空调送风管道设计的基本任务.38
 4.4.2空调送风管道设计的基本任务.39
     4.4.3客车空调送风管道的布置和形状的确定.39
     4.4.4 HFF6120GK88客车空调送风管道的设计...40
 4.5小结42
第五章 HFF6120GK88客车隔热改进设计..43
 5.1 客车前部踏步总成的隔热改进...43
 5.2 客车发动机舱的隔热改进...43
 5.3 小结...44
第六章 结论45
参考文献..46
致谢..47