颈椎牵引器设计

机械设计制造及其自动化论文，论文编号:JX1025  论文字数:13191.页数:31

 摘     要
 颈椎病是临床上常见的一种疾病。颈椎发病的最本质因素是年龄的增长使椎间盘自然老化。随着生活节奏的加快，长时间伏案工作以及使用电脑、驾车、用高枕、睡软床等诸多因素，都使人长时间保持单一姿势，肌肉韧带疲劳，从而加速了颈椎疾病的发生；同时，饮食结构的改变及体重的增加，也会促使疾病发生。据一些专家介绍，在他们接诊的颈椎病病人当中有过半患者年龄在40岁以下，其中，不乏风华正茂的年轻人，年龄最小的只有两岁。
 本文分析国内外医疗器械研究现状,以颈椎牵引器的设计为例，介绍了设计过程中几个主要问题，包括功能原理、结构的布局与牵引器零件的分类编码、牵引器零件设计的标准化与图样布局、成型尺寸计算、牵引器零件公差配合关系与表面粗糙度、尺寸标注、牵引器材料的选用等。
 本论文从材料选择、力学分析、实用价值、安全性能以及牵引器制造工艺的可行性等因素进行考虑,对实际生产加工具有指导意义。
 关键词：颈椎病  设计  因素
 
 Abstract
 Cervical disease is a common clinical disease . Cervical disease is the most essential factor is the growth of age to the natural aging disc. With the quickening pace of life, working long hours at his desk and the use of computers, driving, with high pillow, soft bed to sleep and many other factors keep people a long time maintaining a single position and muscle fatigueing ligament, which accelerated incidence of cervical disease. Meanwhile, changes in diet and weight gain will also promote disease. According to some experts, admissions for cervical disease in their patients more than half of them were under the age of 40, and there are many young people in their prime, the youngest only two years old.
 This paper analyzes the status of domestic and foreign medical device research, to the design of cervical traction device, we introduced the main issues during the design process, including functional theory, the structure of the layout , tractor parts classification and coding, tractor parts standardization and design layout design, shape size calculation, tractor part with the relationship between tolerance and surface roughness, dimensions, materials selection, and traction devices.
 This paper consider the feasibility of such factorse, material selection, mechanical analysis, practical value, safety, and tractor manufacturing process , of course it will be worthy of the actual production and processing instructive.
 
 Keywords: Cervical spondylosis  Design   Factor
 目 录
 中文摘要 i
 Abstract ii
 目录 iii
 第一章 绪论 1
1.1 选题的背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外医疗器械概况 2
1.2.1 国内发展概况 2
1.2.2 国外发展概况 2
1.3 研究内容 3
1.4 本章小结 3
 第二章  设计方案的确定 4
2.1 设计题目 4
2.2 设计目标与要求 4
2.3 设计方案 4
2.3.1实例一：折叠式弹力颈椎牵引器 5
2.3.2实例二：托盘充气式颈椎牵引器 6
2.3.3实例三：热敷式颈椎牵引器 7
2.3.3 实例比较及创新 8
2.4 本章小结 10
 第三章  颈椎牵引器理论设计计算 11
3.1 牵引器托套及辅助结构材料的选择 11
3.2 螺旋传动的应用和类型 11
3.3 螺旋传动的结构分类 13
3.4 螺旋传动的设计和选材 13
2.4.1 螺旋机构的材料选择 13
3.4.2 螺旋机构耐磨性计算 14
3.4.3 螺母螺纹牙的强度校核 16
3.4.4 螺纹副自锁性的校核 17
3.4.5 螺杆强度校核 17
3.4.6 螺杆稳定性校核 18
3.4 手柄设计计算 18
3.5 本章小结 19
 第四章 颈椎牵引器工作原理及结构设计 20
4.1 可调式牵引器的三大创新点 20
4.1.1 肩托比较舒适 20
4.1.2 滑块的可移动 20
4.1.3 吊带与托套可调 21
4.2 螺旋机构 22
4.3 支撑机构 22
4.4 装配图 23
4.5 本章小结 24
 第五章 总结 25
 参考文献 26