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机械设计制造及其自动化论文,论文编号:JX1178 论文字数:18226.页数:46 附任务书,开题报告,文献综述,外文翻译
摘要
随着近年来传动系统的发展,多电机传动已被越来越广泛地应用于各种领域中。为了提高多电机传动系统的动态和稳态性能,以及满足一些特定系统对于多电机精确同步的要求,多电机同步控制方法的研究也变得越来越重要。一个优秀的同步控制方法要兼顾系统的各个方面,因此同步控制方法的研究要深入到速度和力矩的双重同步,它的成功研究可以应用到军事、航空以及一般工业技术领域中,为需要统一动作功能的多台电机提供协调控制技术。
在多电机同步控制中,各电机之间实时的数据通信是很重要的。为了满足这个要求,检测每个电机的速度和电流(即力矩)数据以及传送指令都需要大量复杂的数据信号线。因此传统的通信技术可能因为接线复杂、噪音以及数据线的维护而降低系统的可靠性,增加成本。为了解决这个问题,本文提出了一种基于PROFIBUS-DP总线通信的多电机同步控制系统模型。因为PROFIBUS-DP总线的特点,使得系统接线简单,易于修改和完善,并且可以达到系统对于实时性和稳定性的要求。
在这个系统中,以S7-300 PLC为主站,通过PROFIBUS-DP总线连接4个S7-200 PLC从站,同时S7-300 PLC还要通过PROFIBUS现场总线和人机界面及变频器通讯连接。PROFIBUS现场总线是一种国际性的、开放的、已在世界范围内得到广泛应用的现场总线。采用PROFIBUS现场总线的系统,对于不同厂家所生产的设备之间,不需要对接口进行特别的处理和转换就可以通信。因此,本次设计选用PROFIBUS现场总线非常实用,又节省设计成本。其中1个S7-200 PLC控制伺服电机,从而由伺服电机控制凸轮机构,以此最后满足自动装配机上的各机械手动作变化要求;其余3个S7-200 PLC控制6台步进电机,从而控制装配机各料杆的上升、下降动作。此外,S7-300 PLC由RS-485接口,经过PROFIBUS现场总线连接MM420,从而控制大异步电机的启动、停止与调速,最后实现自动装配机主转盘的启动、停止与调速;而用于控制转位料仓的其余6台异步电机直接由S7-300控制,能实现启动和停止。
关键词:装配机,多电机,同步控制,PROFIBUS-DP总线,智能控制。
Abstract
Multiple motors have been used for driving systems widely in recent years to meet the increased requirement of driving systems. In order to improve the dynamic and static performances, and to increase the load ability of the system, the problem of synchronized drive of multiple motors must be taken seriously, thus, the synchronized control of multiple motors is very important. A successful synchronized control scheme must control both the speed and the moment .In this sense, synchronization refers to controlling current and velocities of the motors relative to each other so that they remain well-coordinated.
In case of synchronization for multiple motors, the real time data communication is necessary. In order to satisfy this requirement, the complex signal lines are usually used to detect the speed and current of each motor and to command the desired speed and moment. Such a traditional implementation technique induces many problems in the view of reliability and economy because of the amount and complexity of wiring, noise and maintenance problems, etc. In order to remove these problems, a simple synchronization system with the aid of serial communication using PROFIBUS-DP is proposed in this paper. In this case, inflexible and expensive special wiring is not necessary. Furthermore, the system can be modified in terms of network nodes without changing the wiring.
In this system,this assembly control system takes S7-300 PLC as a master station, through PROFIBUS-DP connect with 4 S7-200 PLC as slave stations, and simultaneously S7-300 PLC must communicate with the human machine interface as well as MM420 through PROFIBUS. PROFIBUS is an international, open, have been widely used worldwide fieldbus. The equipments produced by different manufacturers of the equipment can be communicated without special handling and transformation when using PROFIBUS in the system. Therefore, this design selects the PROFIBUS to be practical, and decrease design cost as well. A S7-200 PLC controls the servo motor, thus by the servo motor control cam gear, so finally satisfies on various manipulators of the automatic assembly machine to act the changing movement. Other 3 S7-200 PLC control 6 stepping motors, thus control the up and down of the assembly machine''s six material poles. In addition, S7-300 PLC connects through PROFIBUS with MM420 by the RS-485 interface, to control the start and speed of the large asynchronous motor, which finally makes the automatic assembly machine main dividing plate start, stop and speed. And the other 6 asynchronous motors which used in controlling the six storehouses are controlled directly by S7-300 to start and stop.
Key words:Multi-motor, synchronous control, S7-300 S7-200 Profibus Fieldbus Wincc MM420
目 录
摘 要 I
外文摘要 III
目 录 V
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 多电机协同控制研究的现状 1
1.2 装配机研究的现状 1
1.3 同步控制在装配机上的应用 2
1.4 PLC的应用背景和趋势 2
1.5 PLC的应用价值 2
1.6 S7-300的特点及应用背景 3
1.7 系统概述和研究方法 3
1.8 论文的设计任务 4
1.9 本章小结 5
第二章 系统整体方案 6
2.1 S7-300硬件概述 6
2.2 STEP7的编程语言 7
2.3 S7-300与 S7-200的通讯 7
2.4 S7-300的通讯接口 11
2.5 控制系统流水线动作细分 12
2.6 系统总体流程设计 17
2.7 初始化巡检流程图 17
2.8 S7-300与人机界面的通信 18
2.9 本章小结 19
第三章 伺服电机单电机控制 20
3.1 伺服电机软硬件设置 20
3.2 S7-300与S7-200的通信约定 20
3.3 伺服电机的调试流程图 21
3.4 伺服电机的调试部分程序举例 21
3.5 本章小结 23
第四章 异步电机单电机控制 24
4.1 大异步电机控制规划 24
4.2 小异步电机控制规划 24
4.3 S7-300与MM420的PROFIBUS-DP通讯 24
4.4 组态 MICROMASTER 4 24
4.5 在MICROMASTER上设置参数 25
4.6 使MM420准备运行 26
4.7 由PLC控制MM420 26
4.8 异步电机控制系统调试流程图 27
4.9 异步电机调试控制系统程序举例 27
4.10 伺服、异步联动调试流程图 28
4.11 本章小结 29
第五章 步进电机单电机控制 30
5.1 步进电机的概述 30
5.2 步进电机软硬件设置 30
5.3 S7-300控制步进电机流程图 33
5.4 本章小结 33
第六章 全自动运行控制系统 34
6.1 全自动运行时的控制要求 34
6.2 全自动运行时的控制流程图 34
6.3 全自动运行时伺服、异步同步联动 36
6.4 本章小结 38
第七章 总结 39
参考文献 41