真空助力器测试台结构设计

机械设计制造及其自动化论文，论文编号:JX1038  论文字数:12803.页数:31

 摘     要
 汽车做为最主要的交通工具，在现在社会中起着无可替代的作用。在选车时，相对于美观和舒适，更加关注于安全性能方面。其实，制动系统在车辆的安全方面就扮演着至关重要的角色。近年来，随着车辆技术的进步和汽车行驶速度的提高，这种重要性表现得越来越明显。众多的汽车工程师在改进汽车制动性能的研究中倾注了大量的心血。目前关于汽车制动的研究主要集中在制动控制方面，包括制动控制的理论和方法，以及采用新的技术。在国内，汽车主要采用以真空助力器为主体的伺服制动系统，因此真空助力器的各项指标倍受重视。本次论文主要用大篇幅介绍了真空助力器的工作原理及各项指标，重点介绍自吸、空行程，分析了形成原因和影响。参考国内外对自吸、空行程的测试方法，结合国家标准，提出了一套较成熟的设计方案。随后设计了一套夹具，并且对光栅、气缸、电机等进行了选择，通过电气调试，组成了一台完整的测试台。并且，对本次设计主要对自吸、空行程的测量零点采集方法进行了讨论，并且选择了相对较优的一种。
 本文最后就规范调试时，贵重元器件及台架美观性保护提了几点意见；同时对测试方法的改进方面提出几点设想。本文对设计中，测试台的结构图、装配图、零件图，都有详细的说明。
关键词：真空助力器  检测台  电机  数据采集
 
 Abstract
 As the most important kind of vehicles, automobile now plays an irreplaceable role in modern society. While choosing the car, people will focus more on security rather than appearance and comfort. In fact, the vehicle braking system on the safety play a vital role.In recent years, with advances in vehicle technology and the improvement of vehicle speed, which was becoming increasingly obvious importance. A large number of automotive engineers in improving the performance of automobile brake study a great deal of effort into the reseach. At present, research on the automobile brake mainly concentrated in the brake control, brake control, including the theory and methods, and the introduction of new technologies. In China, automobile mostly use servo breaking system with vacuum booster, therefore, its indicators have been taken seriously. This paper introduces the work principle and indicators of the vacuum booster, particularly on Self-priming & space travel by analyzing their causes and effects. And we puts forward a set of mature design after referring to the test method of Self-priming & space travel in the world. Then we design a fixture, with the right grating, cylinder and motor chosen, at last build up a complete test bench through electrical testing. In addition, the paper discusses the Collection methods against measurements of Self-priming & space travel, and chooses the relative better one.     At the end of this paper, some proposals have been advanced in protecting the Aesthetics of valuable components and bench during the specification debugging; Also, a few plans of improvement in test method are brought forward. The paper contains detailed description of design of the structure of test, assembly drawings, spare parts map of the bench.
 
Keywords: Vacuum booster  Air travel  Motor  Acquisition
目 录
 第一章 绪论 1
1.1 毕业设计的意义 1
1.2 我国汽车行业的概况 1
1.3 制动系统与真空助力器 2
1.4 技术要求 6
 第二章 方案设计 7
2.1 设计题目 7
2.2 测试项目 7
2.3 设计方案 7
 第三章 测试台的元件选择及设计计算 10
3.1 气缸的选择 10
3.2 光栅选择 11
3.3 接近开关的选择 11
3.4 电机选择 12
 第四章 自吸空行程测试台工作原理及结构设计 17
4.1设备概况 17
4.2 工作参数说明 17
4.3 主要部件介绍 18
4.4 时序分析 19
4.5规范调试 22
4.5.1 设备传感器的定期点检 22
4.5.2 设备的定期养护 22
4.5.3 仪表及各元器件的定检 22
4.5.4 调试简略步骤 22
 第五章 总结与展望 24
5.1测试方法的创新设想 24
5.2 收获 24
5.3 设备的后续改进 25
 参考文献 26
 致 谢 27