智能型V带测长磨削机控制系统设计

机械设计制造及其自动化论文，论文编号:JX1093  论文字数:13887.页数:42

摘     要
 V带测长磨削机中的V带传动是应用最广泛的传动方式之一。V带尺寸的正确与否，对传动性能有很大的影响：除要求V带的截面尺寸必须具有一定的准确性外， V带的长度也必须满足一定的要求，尤其是当V带在配组使用时。为使同时使用的一组V带长度一致，每条V带的长度必须控制在一个比较小的误差范围内，常需要专用的测长机测量后进行配组。传统的生产方法都是将切割后的V带在简易型的磨削机上进行打磨而不再进行测长。但随着V带使用厂家对V带配组要求的提高及工业自动化程度的不断提高，目前许多中小型厂家的简易型打磨机在生产方式及生产效率上已显得落后，难以保证V带尺寸的精度。而如果磨削后再采用专用的测长机进行配组，不仅因增加测长工序费工费时增加成本，而且当长度不能满足要求时还要返回重新进行磨削。在这种需求背景下，研制一种新型的能在线测长的V带长磨削机定会有很好的应用前景。
 本论文介绍了该种新型V带测长磨削机的控制系统硬件设计过程。这种V带磨削机应当具有以下主要特点：（1）能在线检测V带长度，测长精度应达到 ；（2）可靠性高，能24小时连续磨削而不出故障；（3）除上、下带采用人工外，其余磨带过程全自动控制；（4）具有独立的测长功能（其功能与专用的V带测长机相似）。根据上述的功能要求，本问作者在查阅了许多相关文献资料并分析比较了国内外现有测长打磨机的优缺点基础上，确定了控制系统的设计方案并进行了硬件设计。该磨削机控制系统以80C51单片机为控制核心，三菱触摸屏为人机界面，软件设计采用模块化结构和C语言进行编程。
 
关键词：测长  磨削  单片机系统

Abstract
 V belt measures in the long milling machine''s V belt transmission applies one of most widespread types of drive. V belt size correct or not, it has the very tremendous influence to the transmission performance: Besides requests V belt''s section size to have certain accuracy, V belt''s length must satisfy certain request, when particularly V belt when matches the group to use. Simultaneously in order to cause a group of V belt length which uses to be consistent, each V belt''s length must control in a quite small error range, after often needs the special-purpose metroscope survey, it carries on matches the group. After the traditional production method is cuts V belt on the simple milling machine carries on the polish no longer to carry on measures is long. But uses the factory along with V belt to match the enhancement which and the industrial automation degree unceasing enhancement for V belt the group requests, at present many middle and small scale factory''s simple dressers already appear the backwardness in the production method and the production efficiency, guarantees V belt size with difficulty the precision. After but if grinding, uses the special-purpose metroscope to carry on again matches the group, because not only increases measured that the long working procedure requires a lot of work increases the cost time-consuming, moreover, when the length cannot satisfy the request must return carries on the grinding. Under this kind of demand background, develops one kind new to be able online to measure that the long V belt length milling machine will decide will have the very good application prospect.
 The present paper introduced this kind of new V belt measures the long milling machine''s control system hardware design process. Below this kind of V belt milling machine must have the main feature: (1)it can online examine V belt length, measured that the long precision should achieve; (2) the reliability is high, can 24 hour continual grinding not crash; (3) uses the man-power besides the top and bottom belt, other abrasive belt process completely automatic control; (4) has independent measures the long function (its function and special-purpose V belt metroscope similar). According to the above function request, interrogation author, in has consulted many related literature material and analyzes compares domestic and foreign existing had measured that in the long dresser''s good and bad points foundation, had determined control system''s design proposal and has carried on the hardware design. This milling machine control system take the 80C51 monolithic integrated circuit as the control core, the Mitsubishi touchscreen is the man-machine contact surface, the software design uses the modular structure and the C language carries on the programming.
 Keywords: Measures；Grinding；Monolithic integrated circuit system；
  
摘     要 2
Abstract 4
第1章  绪  论 8
1.1  引言 8
1.2  国内外现状及发展趋势 8
第2章  系统分析和方案设计 9
2.1  系统功能分析 9
2.2  系统总体方案设计 9
2.3  本章小结 11
第3章  控制系统软件设计 11
3.1  主函数结构 11
3.2  各子函数功能及其流程图 14
3.2.1 初始化函数 14
3.2.2 回零函数 14
3.2.3 定长函数 15
3.2.4 测量函数 15
3.2.5 正磨函数 17
3.2.6 反磨函数 17
3.2.7 复位函数 18
第4章  控制系统硬件组成 19
4.1  系统基本配置 19
4.1.1 主控板 19
4.1.2 触摸屏 20
4.1.3 传感器 21
4.1.4 电动机 21
4.1.5  操作面板界面设计 22
4.2 主控板电路系统 23
4.2.1 主芯片W77E58 24
4.2.2 时钟电路和看门狗电路的设计： 26
4.2.3 ROM扩展： 28
4.2.4 8155按键扩展： 30
4.2.5 与触摸屏通讯 33
4.2.6 连接步进电机驱动器的电路 35
4.2.7 DA电路（控制力矩电机的电路） 36
4.2.8 AD电路（外部传感器信号输入电路） 37
4.3印刷电路板PCB的设计 38
4.3.1  PCB软件简介 38
4.3.2  PCB设计流程 39
4.3.3 V带测长磨削机PCB设计 40
4.4  本章小结 40
结  论 41
参考文献 42
致  谢 43
附录A