牙齿反求造型及托槽设计

论文编号:JX775  论文字数:16806.页数:50   附图

摘    要
 逆向技术使得产品模型重构得到了精确的表达，为产品的进一步分析、优化和制造确立了统一的对象，在产品快速设计开发和复杂型面数控加工方面都具有重大的意义。利用逆向工程对牙齿进行造型设计，可以使得牙齿的造型更加的精确完美，缩短了产品的生产周期。本文对逆向工程的概念、方法进行了系统的阐述,研究了牙齿的逆向工程造型方法，并详细介绍了对一排牙齿进行逆向造型的步骤。同时，在完成牙齿点云数据的逆向造型设计之后，又选取一个牙齿的曲面，在UG软件中利用该牙齿的曲面特征制作了一个个性化的牙齿矫正托槽。通过牙齿的逆向造型的研究，个性化托槽的制作，规划出一个从牙模到牙齿CAD模型再到个性化牙齿托槽CAD模型制作的逆向开发流程，最后成型的牙齿曲面精度完全符合工程要求，设计的个性化托槽也很满足实际需要。
关键词：逆向工程  牙齿点云  曲面造型  托槽

Teeth Reconstruction By Reverse Engineering and Bracket Design

Abstract
 Reverse engineering technology makes the product model reconstruction and expression more precise, which establishes a unified object for the product further analysis, optimization and manufacture, and had significance in the field of fast development and numerical control processing of product with complex profiles. Using reverse engineering on the tooth design can make teeth modeling more precise and perfect, and shorten the production cycle. This thesis first describes the concepts and methods of reverse engineering, then studies the modeling method of reverse engineering of teeth, and introduces the step of reverse modeling of a row of teeth in detail. Meanwhile, after the completion of reverse modeling design with the teeth point-clouds data, we also select a tooth surface, by its feature, to produce a personalized orthodontic bracket in the UG software. Through the research of the reverse modeling of the teeth and the production of personalized bracket, we developed a production process by reverse engineering technology from a resin-model to the CAD model of the teeth, and then to the CAD model of personalized bracket. The accuracy of both the final modeling of the teeth surface and the personalized bracket meets actual needs.
Keywords: Reverse Engineering, Teeth Point-clouds, Surface Modeling, Bracket

目  录
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………………i
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………ii
目录………………………………………………………………………………………iii
第一章  绪论……………………………………………………………………………1
 1.1  研究动机与目的……………………………………………………………1
 1.2  研究背景……………………………………………………………………1
 1.3  研究方法与系统描述………………………………………………………………1
 1.4  论文內容概述 ………………………………………………………………………2
第二章  逆向工程介绍…………………………………………………………………3
 2.1  逆向工程的定义……………………………………………………………3
 2.2  逆向工程特点………………………………………………………………3
 2.3  逆向建模的一般流程图……………………………………………………4
 2.4  逆向工程的发展现状和趋势………………………………………………4
2.5  逆向工程的一般步骤………………………………………………………6
第三章  牙齿逆向工程相关的软件和硬件……………………………………………9
 3.1  三维扫描设备………………………………………………………………9
 3.2  点云曲面处理软件…………………………………………………………10
 3.3  托槽造型软件………………………………………………………………11
第四章  牙齿点云逆向造型的具体步骤………………………………………………14
 4.1  牙齿逆向造型的流程………………………………………………………14
 4.2  模型分析……………………………………………………………………14
 4.3  扫描…………………………………………………………………………14
 4.4  点云数据处理………………………………………………………………15
 4.5  多边形阶段…………………………………………………………………23
 4.6  曲面造型……………………………………………………………………32
 4.7  曲面质量检验………………………………………………………………37
 4.8  数据转化导出通用格式……………………………………………………38
第五章  牙齿托槽的建立………………………………………………………………39
第六章  结论……………………………………………………………………………44
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………45
致谢………………………………………………………………………………………46