单片机步进电机转速控制器的设计

论文编号:JD710  附任务书,开题报告,过程材料,字数:21591,页数:65

基于单片机步进电机转速控制器的设计

摘  要

步进电动机突出的优点是它可以在宽广的频率范围内通过改变脉冲频率来实现 调速，快速起停、正反转控制及制动等，并且由其组成的开环系统既简单、廉价，又非常可靠，因此在众多领域有着极其广泛的应用。研制一种高性能步进电机转速驱动器及其控制系统具有重要的意义。
本文研究开发的步进电机转速控制器，介绍了一种由AT89C52及脉冲分配器PMM8713控制步进电机的实用电路。详细的介绍了步进电机的原理，控制电路，键盘显示电路、驱动电路及其软件控制步进电机转速的方法。
本文开发的步进电机控制系统采用用户输入步进电机步数，并对步进电机的运转采用梯形速度控制，有效的防止步进电机的失步，并且采用LCD显示实现人机对话等功能。该电路可用于多种步进电机控制场合。整个系统结构简单，可靠。
【关键词】：步进电机、AT89C52、转速控制 The design of stepper motor speed controller based on
Single-chip
                      
Abstract

The advantages of stepping motor are that it’s able to realize regulating-rate，quickly rise-stop，positive-reverse controlling ,braking in wide rage of frequency by changing the frequency of pulse. The stepping motor opening-ring system is simple，cheap and stability，therefore its application is very extensive in many areas. It has great signification to design a high-performance speed driver and its control system of stepping motor.
A speed controller of stepping motor has been developed，and the article introduces a practical circuit by using AT89C52 and the pulse distributor PMM8713 to control stepping motor. Describe the theory of stepping motor, control circuit, keyboard input and LCD display circuit，driving circuit and a way of controlling the speed of stepping motor by software.
The stepping motor control system which this article develops uses the way of that a user input steps of stepping motor, use trapezoidal speed control to the operation of the stepping motor, it is effective to prevent the out-of-step of the stepping motor, and adopt LCD display to realize a man-machine conversation function and so on, This system can be applied in many stepping motor control occasions, the overall system is simple and reliable structure.
【Key words】step motor、 AT89C52 、control

目  录
1 绪论 1
1.1 步进电机系统的历史现状及发展趋势 1
1.2 本课题的意义和目的 3
1.3 本课题的主要工作 4
2 系统方案设计 5
2.1 步进电机控制系统框图 5
2.2 步进电机工作原理及选用标准 5
2.3 步进电机运动控制器 7
2.4 步进电机驱动器 7
2.5 步进电机变速控制方案论证 9
3 步进电机硬件电路设计 11
3.1 电源模块设计 11
3.2 控制单元模块 12
3.3 驱动模块设计 13
3.4 键盘、显示模块设计 16
4 系统软件设计及其仿真调试 18
4.1 系统软件设计思想 18
4.2 模块程序及其流程图 18
4.3 仿真环境介绍 19
4.3.1 Keil介绍 19
4.3.2 Proteus介绍 20
4.4 仿真调试 21
结论 29
附录 32
致  谢 43