基于LabVIEW虚拟频谱分析仪的设计

论文编号:JD869  附开题报告,任务书,外文翻译,论文字数:20240,页数:39

摘  要
随着微电子技术、计算机技术、网络通信技术和软件技术的高速发展,传统的仪器开始向计算机化的方向发展。虚拟仪器(VI)概念的产生正是基于这样一种技术背景。虚拟仪器是指具有虚拟仪器面板的个人计算仪器。它利用软件在微机屏幕上构成虚拟仪器面板,在硬件的支持下对信号进行采样,既可以进行实时的信号分析、显示,又可以在离线条件下对存储的采集结果进行各种软件处理。通过软件编写及硬件配置,虚拟仪器可以实现完全由用户自己定义、适合不同应用环境和对象的各种功能。
在测试领域中,频谱分析仪是一种重要的常用仪器。但是这种仪器的加工工艺复杂,生产技术要求高,价格昂贵。采用虚拟仪器技术,只需在相应的硬件支持下,即可以用软件编程来实现虚拟频谱分析仪。
本论文介绍了虚拟频谱分析仪的设计和实现，这个虚拟仪器是基于图象化编程语言——LabVIEW而编写的，可以执行正弦波和方波的处理，包括仿真信号波形的生成、显示、时域分析和频域分析等功能。同时这个虚拟仪器具有友好的人机界面。

关键词：虚拟仪器，虚拟频谱分析仪，图形化编程语言，LabVIEW

The design of virtual spectrum analyzer based on LabVIEW
Abstract:
With the rapid development of micro-electronics, computer, network communication t and software’s technique, the tradition instrument is changed in the computerized direction. Virtual Instrument(VI) concept is produced exactly because of the background like this kind of technology. The virtual instrument is the personal computer instrument which has the virtual instrument front-panel which is constitute by the software, and the sampling signal is gathered under the hardware''s support, not only the signal can be proceeded, analyzed and shown in real time, but also the storage consequence can be handled variety under the off-line term. By writing the software and installing the hardware, the virtual instrument can be defined completely by customer for applying different environment and the functions of objects.
In the test field, Spectrum Analyzer is a kind of important instrument in common. But processing craft of this kind of instrument is complicated, producing technique is difficult, the price is expensive. Under the corresponding hardware support the virtual spectrum analyzer can be achieved by using the software.
In this paper the design and implementation of virtual spectrum analyzer are presented. This Virtual Instrument (VI) is designed by using the graphical programming language LabVIEW. It is capable of processing sine wave and square wave. It has many functions including the simulation wave producing, displaying and analyzing in the time and frequency domains. In the time the user-friendly human-machine interface is achieved in this system.
Key words：Virtual instrument, Virtual spectrum analyzer, Graphic programming language, LabVIEW

目  录
摘要 
目录 
1 前言  1
1.1 课题背景  1
1.2 研究意义   1
1.3 研究内容  2
2 虚拟仪器及LabVIEW介绍  3
2.1 虚拟仪器的基本概念  3
2.1.1 什么是虚拟仪器  3
2.1.2 虚拟仪器的特点  3
2.1.3 虚拟仪器的构成及分类  4
2.1.3.1 通用仪器硬件平台  4
2.1.3.2 软件结构  4
2.2 LabVIEW简介  5
2.2.1 什么是LabVIEW   5
2.2.2  LabVIEW软件的特点与优点  6
3 虚拟频谱分析仪  7
3.1 频谱分析仪的介绍  7
3.2 虚拟频谱分析仪的设计功能  7
3.2.1时域分析  7
3.2.2频谱分析  7
3.2.3倒频谱分析  8
3.2.4希氏伯特变换  9
3.2.5时域加窗  10
3.2.6滤波功能  12
4 基于LabVIEW虚拟频谱分析仪设计与实现  15
4.1 LabVIEW软件的应用方法  15
4.1.1 LabVIEW的模板介绍  15
4.1.2 创建一个VI程序  15
4.1.3 程序调试  17
4.2基于LabVIEW的虚拟频谱分析仪前面板设计  18
4.3所用控件模板的介绍  22
4.3.1时域加窗  22
4.3.2 FFT分析  23
4.3.3幅度-相位谱  25
4.3.4功率谱  26
4.3.5倒频谱  27
4.3.6 希氏伯特变换  29
5 虚拟仪器硬件设备-----数据采集卡介绍与使用  30
5.1测量系统的组成  30
5.2数据采集卡的基本性能指标  31
5.3USB-6008数据采集卡性能说明  32
5.4数据采集系统的使用  33
6 虚拟频谱分析仪的设计可行性研究与国内外现状  35
6.1本设计的可行性分析  35
6.2国内外现状的调查与研究  36
7 结论与展望  38
参考文献  38
致谢  39