基于单片机mega16L的煤气报警器的设计

本份设计附开题报告,任务书,外文翻译,原理图,PCB,字数:10468,页数:35  论文编号:JD336

摘    要
为了实现数字化以及智能化监测室内煤气浓度并能及时报警，文章研制了一种高性能具有声光提示功能以及可以红外遥控的煤气检测仪来实现对各种场合煤气浓度的监控报警。
该系统以AVR单片机ATmega16L为硬件核心，采用软件实现催化元件的自动校零、非线性补偿，通过实时采集、数据处理能够准确地监测室内煤气含量，并经远程数据传送模块将数据传送到上位机监测平台进行处理，并且设计红外遥控接收与发射电路，对系统的各种参数进行无接触设置，LED 数码管显示作为辅助模块，动态显示煤气浓度，当被测气体中煤气浓度超过预定数值时，将产生声光报警。
该系统具有结构简单、体积小、使用和安装方便、维护成本低或免维护、精度高、无接触的红外遥控、实时控制和数据处理能力强的特点，可推广应用到其他测试系统。

关键词：催化元件；报警系统； AVR单片机； 红外遥控

Abstract
In order to achieve monitoring the concentration of gas indoor digitally and intelligently and alarm timely， a high-performance instrument is developed with sound and light features tips and infrared remote control by the article ，which can achieve monitoring the concentration of gas and alarm in the various occasions.
ATmega16L AVR microcontroller is the core hardware to the system， software is used to achieve auto-components zero and non-linear compensation， through real-time collection， data processing can accurately monitor the content of gas indoor， which will be send to PC monitor platform to be processed by the long-distance data transmission module， and design the infrared remote control transmitter and receiver， the system''s various parameters of non-contact settings， LED digital display of the auxiliary module， dynamic display of gas concentration， when measured over the concentration of gas in the gas Numerical scheduled， will have a alarm with sound and light.
The system is simple in structure， small size， use and easy installation， maintenance or maintenance-free low-cost， high accuracy， non-contact infrared remote control， real-time control and data-handling capacity of the characteristics can be applied to other test systems.

Key Words：Catalytic components；alarm system；AVRSCM； infrared remote control

目    录
摘    要................................................................I
Abstract ...............................................................II
1 绪论 ..................................................................1
1.1煤气报警器的组成结构 ...................................................1
1.2整个系统实现的功能及新特点..............................................1
1.3研究煤气报警系统的发展状况及应用前景 .....................................2
1.4本论文要完成的任务 .....................................................3
2 系统硬件................................................................4
2.1煤气报警系统结构框图 ....................................................4
2.2单片机最小系统..........................................................5
2.2.1主控制器AVR单片机MEGA16L特点及优势 ....................................5
2.2.2复位电路设计 .........................................................5
2.2.3晶振电路设计 .........................................................6
2.3煤气传感器检测部分.......................................................7
2.4 信号放大以及A/D转换电路设计 .............................................8
2.5  LED数码管的显示电路设计................................................10
2.6 RS - 485的通信部分设计..................................................10
2.7 红外遥控接收与发射部分...................................................12
2.7.1 红外遥控发射部分......................................................12
2.7.2 红外遥控接收部分......................................................13
2.8 电源电路的设计部分 ......................................................13
2.9 声光报警电路设计部分....................................................14
3 系统软件.................................................................15
3.1总体软件设计 ............................................................15
3.2模拟量输入采集程序设计 ....................................................16
3.3 LED显示模块程序设计......................................................17
3. 4　自动校零软件设计 .......................................................18
3.5　非线性补偿软件设计.......................................................18
结    论 ...................................................................19
参 考 文献...................................................................20
附录 ........................................................................21
致    谢.....................................................................31