基于单片机的普通铣床数控化设计

论文编号:JD550 附外文翻译,开题报告,原理图,论文字数:16896,页数:41

摘要
随着我国市场经济的发展，国内、国际市场竞争日益激烈，为了解决企业机械加工中结构复杂、精密、批量小且多变的加工问题，需要采用数控机床，而此类机床价格昂贵，使小企业望尘莫及。系统采用MCS-51系列单片机对特定普通机床进行数控化设计，可为企业的加工制造发挥较大的作用。针对数控机床改造技术进行了深入的研究和分析，并重点描述了机床控制系统的设计，整个控制以数控系统为中心，通过单片机的设计使得CNC系统、电气控制系统、伺服系统协调统一工作，以实现数控加工。

关键词  单片机  数控改造  步进电机

Title Reformation of Control System for Milling Machine
Based On the Control of Single-chip Microcomputer  

Abstract
With the development of market economics of China,the competition of domestic and international markets are becoming increasingly acute. In order to solve the problem of configuration complexity,high accuracy degree,levity and small batch in machine-finishing in enterprises, numerical control engine into a numerical control milling by applying MCS-51 series single-chip microcomputer in a certain enterprise by referring to domestic correlatiom data.The author finds out that this alteration greatly helps the enterprise’s processing manufacture.The author has performed the research and analysis for the NC machine modification on the basis of the constant consultation of abundant relative documents,which focuses on describing the design of control system of the machine.NC system is the centralization of the whole control system;the CNC system,electrical control system and the servo system can be operated coordinately and uniformly via the design of single-chip microcomputer so as to realize the NC machine.

Key Words  single-chip microcomputer  NC machine modification 
           step motor   

目   录

1  引言……………………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1  数控设备与技术现状………………………………………………………………… 1
1.2  机床数控改造……………………………………………………………………… 2
2  X53K立式升降台铣床简介及改造方案……………………………………………… 5
2.1  X53K立式升降台铣床参数简介……………………………………………………… 5
2.2  改造方案……………………………………………………………………………… 5
3  硬件部分选型及设计…………………………………………………………………… 7
3.1  单片机及其外围芯片………………………………………………………………… 7
3.2  步进电机及其驱动电路…………………………………………………………… 14
3.3  机械部分设计……………………………………………………………………… 18
4  控制系统软件设计…………………………………………………………………… 21
4.1  主程序和步进电机控制模块……………………………………………………… 22
4.2  键盘和显示接口设计…………………………………………………………… 26
4.3  零件加工程序编制………………………………………………………………… 28
5  抗干扰设计…………………………………………………………………………… 30
结论………………………………………………………………………………………… 32
致谢………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………… 34
附录A  程序清单………………………………………………………………………… 35
附录B  系统原理图……………………………………………………………………… 41