集中式电能表及其远程抄表系统设计

论文编号:JD1003  论文字数:21093,页数:56

摘要

 在科技高速发展的今天，电能表的研制也正在向多功能方向发展。本文针对目前居民区或学生公寓电能计量的现状，设计了一种多用户复费率电子式电能表。此复费率电能表可同时检测到多户住宅的有功电能，同时计量出各用户的准确电量后通过电力线载波实现电量的远程传输。
    在硬件上，采用功率/电能专用IC芯片ADE7755作为计量，采用串行方式扩展了10位LED进行系统信息显示，采用实时日历时钟电路RS5C372A和TC74数字温度传感器提供时钟并对其运行精度进行温度补偿，采用看门狗电路监视系统运行和提高系统的抗干扰能力。载波通信模块PLCi36C采用扩频调制方式，通过低压电力线载波将数据电量进行可靠的传输。
    在软件上，不仅采用模块化编程思想，编写了相应程序，实现了多用户的电能计量、显示、存储，而且采用数据备份方式，提高了数据存储的安全性，同时通过实时日历时钟实现了复费率计量方式，并对时钟运行精度进行了温度补偿;在利用低压电力线进行通信方面，采用扩频调制方法实现了与通信控制器之间的数据传输，同时采取了口令认证、软件陷阱等措施有效地提高了系统的可靠性。
    复费率集中式电能表具有量程大、精度高、功耗低、安装简单等优点，可实现用电计量、防窃电、复费率、远程抄表等多种功能，具有较高的社会推广价值。
关键词：复费率电能表;远程抄表;电力线载波;ADE7755; PLCi36C

Abstract
 In technical high speed development''s today, the electrical energy table''s development is also developing to the multi-purpose directions. This article in view of the present inhabited area or the dorm electrical energy measurement''s present situation, has designed one multiuser duplicate tariff electronic formula electrical energy table. This is in reply to your letter tariff electrical energy table may simultaneously examine many household housing the active electrical energy, after simultaneously measures the various users'' accurate electric quantity, realizes the electric quantity long-distance transmission through the power line carrier.
 On the hardware, uses power/electrical energy special-purpose IC chip ADE7755 to take the measurement, used the serial mode to expand 10 LED to carry on the system message to demonstrate, used real-time calendar clock electric circuit RS5C372A and the TC74 digit temperature sensor provides the clock and carries on the temperature compensation to its movement precision, used the watch-dog electric circuit supervisory system to move and to sharpen system''s antijamming ability.
 Carrier communication module PLCi36C uses the wide frequency modulation system, carries on through the low pressure power line carrier the data electric quantity the reliable transmission. On software, not only uses the modular programming thought that has compiled the corresponding procedure, has realized the multiuser electrical energy measurement, the demonstration, the memory, moreover selects the data backup method, enhanced the data storage security, simultaneously has realized the duplicate tariff measurement way through the real-time calendar clock, and has carried on the temperature compensation to the clock movement precision; In carries on the correspondence aspect using the low pressure power line, used the wide frequency modulator approach to realize with communication controller''s between data transmission, simultaneously adopted measures and so on password authentication, software trap to enhance system''s reliability effectively. The duplicate tariff central electrical energy table has the measuring range to be big, the precision is high, the power loss is low, installment simple and so on merits, may realize uses electricity the measurement, against to steal the electricity, the duplicate tariff, long-distance to copy the table and so on many kinds of functions, has the high society to promote the value.
 
 
 key word: Duplicate tariff electrical energy table; Long-distance copies the table; Power line carrier; ADE7755; PLCi36C

目     录
第1章 引 言 1
1.1电能计量及远程抄表技术的现状 1
1.1.1电能表发展概况 1
1.1.2电能表的发展方向 1
1.1.3远程抄表方式分类 3
1.2课题的提出及意义 4
1.3课题研究的主要内容 5
第2章 系统总体设计 6
2.1系统总体设计思想 6
2.1.1多用户复费率电表设计原则 6
2.1.2载波收发部分 8
2.2系统设计的关键技术和性能指标 8
第3章 复费率电能表及远程抄表的硬件设计 10
3.1复费率电能表的硬件设计 10
3.1.1电源设计 10
3.1.2 CPU的选择 11
3.1.3存储器电路设计 12
3.1.4时钟电路设计 15
3.1.5红外通信电路设计 18
3.1.6多路采集电路设计 21
3.1.7显示电路设计 27
3.1.8看门狗电路设计 28
3.2低压电力线载波收发系统的设计及原理 30
3.2.1 PLCi36C芯片 30
3.2.2扩频通信的理论基础及性能指标 31
3.2.3电力线载波的数据通信协议 32
3.2.4载波通信的硬件设计 35

第4章 软件设计 38
4.1主程序软件设计 38
4.2子程序的软件设计 39
4.2.1电量采集子程序 39
4.2.2校表子程序 41
4.2.3显示子程序 42
4.2.4清零子程序 43
4.2.5低压电力线载波通信子程序 44
第5章 可靠性设计 47
5.1硬件系统的可靠性设计 47
5.2软件系统的可靠性设计 47
第6章 结论与改进 48
参考文献 49