现场总线控制系统设计

字数:15227.页数:41  论文编号:JD404

摘 要
    现场总线作为计算机技术、通信技术、仪表技术以及控制技术高度集成与综合的产物。已成为当今自动化领域技术发展的热点之一。它是连接智能现场设备和自动化系统的全分散、数字式、双向、多变量、多点、多站的通信网络。在众多现场总线标准中，过程现场总线（PROFIBUS）以其国际化、开放式、高灵活性、高可高性等优势，在过程自动化、制造自动化、楼宇自动化等领域内得到广泛的应用。
本文首先阐述了课题的研究背景与选题依据，之后提出现场总线概述、现场总线控制系统的硬件与软件组成、计算机与PLC设备的连接、现场总线控制系统的调试。详细的说明了现场总线控制系统。
本文还应用到了WINCC和STEP7两种软件，WINCC软件主要是做监控画面，对现场设备进行监控；STEP7软件设计程序，完成了对现场总线控制系统的调试。

关键词：现场总线，PROFIBUS-PA总线，PROFIBUS-DP总线，现场总线控制系统

Abstract
    As the integrated product of computer technology, communication technology, instrument technology, and control technology, Fieldbus is one of the focuses of the current technical development in automatic field, Fieldbus is whole scattered, intelligent, bi-directional, interconnected, multivariable and multipoint communication network which connects intelligent working equipment with automatic system. PROFIBUS, as one of the international specifications of fieldbus, has been used extensively in automatization of processing, automatization of machining and automatization of building.

目   录
绪  论......................................................................1
1.1研究背景 ................................................................1
1.2选题依据 ................................................................1
第一章 现场总线概论.........................................................3
1.1现场总线的简介 ..........................................................3
1.1.1 Profibus-PA总线 ......................................................3
1.1.2 Profibus-DP总线.......................................................4
1.2 现场总线控制系统 .......................................................4
第二章 现场总线控制系统设计方案 ............................................5
2.1  系统硬件介绍 ..........................................................5
2.1.1  被控对象 ............................................................5
2.1.2  检测装置.............................................................5
2.1.3  执行机构.............................................................6
2.1.4  控制器...............................................................6
2.1.5  空气压缩机 ..........................................................6
2.1.6  电源控制台 ..........................................................7
2.1.7  总线控制柜...........................................................7
2.1.8  系统特点.............................................................7
2.2 S7-300简介..............................................................8
2.2.1电源模块 ..............................................................9
2.2.2 CPU模块 ..............................................................9
2.3 ET200M分布式I/O模块.....................................................9
2.4 系统软件介绍 ...........................................................10
2.4.1  WINCC 概述...........................................................10
2.4.2  STEP 7简介 ..........................................................10
第三章  计算机与PLC设备的连接 ..............................................12
3.1 以太网通讯模块..........................................................12
3.2 工业以太网的构成........................................................12
3.3 S7-300的工业以太网通信处理器 ...........................................12
第四章  系统设计项目的开发 .................................................13
4.1  单回路控制系统的概述 ..................................................13
4.2  干扰对系统性能的影响...................................................13
4.2.1 干扰通道的放大系数、时间常数及纯滞后对系统的影响......................13
4.2.2 干扰进入系统中的不同位置..............................................13
4.3 控制规律的选择 .........................................................14
4.3.1比例(P)调节............................................................14
4.3.2比例积分(PI)调节 ......................................................14
4.3.3比例微分(PD)调节 ......................................................14
4.3.4比例积分微分(PID)调节器................................................14
4.4调节器参数的整定方法 ....................................................15
4.4.1经验法.................................................................15
4.4.2临界比例度法 ..........................................................15
4.4.3衰减曲线法（阻尼振荡法）...............................................16
4.4.4动态特性参数法.........................................................16
4.5上水箱液位PID整定........................................................16
4.5.1项目设计思想 ..........................................................16
4.5.2项目设计流程图 ........................................................16
4.5.3项目设计程序...........................................................17
4.5.4项目设计画面 ..........................................................19
4.6三容水箱液位定值控制.....................................................19
4.6.1项目设计思想 ..........................................................19
4.6.3项目设计程序...........................................................20
4.6.4项目设计画面 ..........................................................22
4.7串接双容水箱液位PID整定 .................................................22
4.7.1项目设计思想 ..........................................................23
4.7.2项目设计程序...........................................................23
4.7.3 项目设计画面..........................................................24
4.8 小结 ...................................................................25
第五章 项目设计调试过程 ....................................................26
5.1上水箱液位PID整定调试过程 ...............................................26
5.2三容水箱液位定值控制调试过程 ............................................26
5.3串接双容水箱液位PID整定调试过程 .........................................26
结 束 语....................................................................28
致 谢.......................................................................29
参考文献....................................................................30
附  录  A ................................................................. 31
附  录  B ................................................................. 34
附  录  C ................................................................. 36