用集成温度传感器组成测温控制系统

论文编号:JD709  论文字数:22239,页数:48

用集成温度传感器组成测温控制系统
摘要
温度是一个基本的物理量，它是工业生产过程中最普遍，最重要的工艺参数。它与多种工业产品的产量、质量和能耗等指标都有直接的关系，因此温度测量在工业生产中占有很重要的位置。而实际生产中，实现温度的准确测量并非是一件简单的事情，它与长度，质量等其他物理量的测定不同。无论采用准确度怎样高的温度计，如果温度计选择不当，或者测量方法不适宜，或者测量环境不合适，都不能得到所希望的测量结果。钢水的温度测量就更加困难。钢水温度之高，检测环境之恶劣使钢水温度测量成为炼钢工业中的一个难题。本课题就是针对钢水测温，并结合实际的测温环境，从特种测温传感器的设计到多功能智能化温度检测系统的硬件设计出发，研究钢水测温系统。该系统是以8031单片机系统和传统的温度检测元件一热电偶相结合的温度测量系统。实际系统采用抗干扰、低零漂、低温漂的电子元件，性能稳定。该系统总体特点是使用简便、实用、测量稳定可靠、测温范围大、使用对象广。
本文主要介绍了钢水温度的测量，包括温度传感器、单片机接口，大体分为以下几大部分:
(1) 介绍了国内外温度检测技术和特种测温(钢水温度检测)的发展状况，并且分析了温度检测技术的未来发展方向。
(2) 根据实际测量要求制定出一次仪表(温度传感器)的选择、使用和安装方案并且解决了热电偶测量过程中存在的冷端温度不为零摄氏度的传统问题 。
(3) 根据实际使用要求设计了相应的单片机硬件系统，该系统能够实现多路量,数据采集数据处理、温度值的在线显示、测量数据的打印。
关键词；温度测量 热电偶 单片机

With thermocouple and integrated temperature of sensor make
of control system
Abstract
Temperature, as a basic physical quantity, is one of the most universal and important technical parameters. It has a direct affect on targets o f many products, such as output, quality and consumption of energy and so on, so measuring of the temperature is very important to industry production. In practice, it is difficult to measure accurately the temperature. Measuring of temperature is different from others, for example, measuring of length, measuring of mass. The system of continuous
measuring of the temperature of hot metal introduced勿the paper is the system of 8031 single-chip microcomputer and conventional measuring component-thermocouple. The mathematic model is appropriate, and measurement method is easy to be executed. The electronic components used are anti-jamming, less zero-drift and less temperature-drift. The system is convenient and applicable. It is steady, reliable and so fit to use. A t the same time, it has larger scope of measurement and it can be used in many kinds of object measured. It has intellectualized the process.
The thesis introduces automatic measurement of temperature, including temperature sensor, I/0 of single-chip microcomputer and application software, It can be divided into five parts:
(1) It introduces the development of temperature measurement and special temperature measuring-measurement of molten steel''s temperature, as well as the development direction of temperature measurement in the future.
(2) It provides the solution of temperature sensor''s selecting, using and setting. It solves the problem of thermocouple whose referenced end''s temperature is not 0℃ in the course of measurement
(3) According to the practical demands, I design corresponding hardware system. The system can realized at a acquisition, showing of temperature o n-line, printing of temperature .
Keywords temperature measurement, thermocouple, single-chip microcomputer

目录
  毕业设计（论文）任务书 2
摘要 III
Abstract IV
第一章 绪论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2国内外状况和发展趋势 1
1.2.1国内外钢水温度检测方法 2
第二章 两种典型温度传感器的探讨 5
2.1温度传感器简介 5
2.2热电偶测温原理 8
2.3热电偶闭合回路的总热电动势 8
2.4测温系统的信号采集部分构成设计 9
2.4.1热电偶类型的选择 10
2.4.2补偿导线的选择 12
2.4.3热电偶的冷端补偿 13
2.5  AD590集成温度传感器实验的探讨 15
2.5.1  AD590温度传感器测温原理 15
2.5.2  AD590的测温电路的设计与分析 16
2.5.3  电流型AD590在控制方面的应用 18
第三章  智能化温度测量系统的硬件设计 19
3.1系统总体设计 19
3.2单片机介绍 19
3.3信号输入部分设计 21
3.3.1信号输入部分总体设计 21
3.3.2 芯片选用及电路连接 21
3.4单片机及其扩展I/O口的设计 27
3.4.1地址锁存器 27
3.4.2程序存储器扩展 27
3.4.3数据存储器扩展 29
3.4.4可编程并行I/0接口器件的扩展 29
3.5键盘、显示器的设计 31
3.5.1键盘 31
3.5.2显示器 32
3.6模拟信号输出部分设计 35
3.6.1信号输出部分的总体设计 35
3.6.2芯片的选择 35
3.7 基于热电偶的多功能高精度度钢水测温仪 37
第四章 结论与展望 40
4.1结论 40
4.2展望 40
参考文献 41
致谢 42