健康咨询对支气管哮喘患者急性发作频率的影响

论文编号:HL222 论文字数:12157,页数:25

论文题目：健康咨询对支气管哮喘患者急性发作频率的影响
摘　要
目的：评价健康教育咨询在支气管哮喘防治方面的影响，减少支气管哮喘患者急性发作频率，提高自护能力及其生活质量
方法：本研究采用成组病例对照研究。研究对象选择2007年6月～2008年5月在山东省即墨市人民门诊及住院诊断的300例哮喘患者(20-70岁)，分为对照组和研究组。2组患者在年龄、性别、民族及居住地等方面没有统计学差异，采用问卷调查法，调查内容包括哮喘的预防、控制、治疗、管理方面的知识，有快速缓解药和长期预防药的使用、哮喘的触发因素和先兆症状、肺功能的监测等8个部分；诊断依据中华医学会呼吸病分会哮喘学组制定的《支气管哮喘防治指南（2003）》。将回收的问卷进行核对检查，剔除不合格问卷，将调查结果录入计算机，应用SPSS11.5统计软件进行统计分析。所有病例随访1年，观察哮喘急性发作及再住院例数，同时了解其发作诱因。
结果 ：在300例病例中，男性183例，女性117例，男女的性别比例1.56：1。对照组的患者数量与性别分布与病例组相同。实验组患者对哮喘的相关知识、峰流速仪、定量雾化仪及平喘药物的使用等方面明显优于对照组，其哮喘发作频率及年平均住院次数明显低于对照组(P<O．01) 。
结论：为支气管哮喘患者制定全面的健康教育咨询，提高患者对哮喘的认知水平，可减少支气管哮喘患者急性发作次数及再住院率。
关 键 词：支气管哮喘； 护理； 健康咨询
论文类型：研究报告 
 
 Title:The impact on the reduction of acute episode frequency in patient with bronchial asthma by health inquiry

ABSTRACT
Objectives: To probe the impact of health inquiry on the prevention and treatment on bronchial asthma
Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on the patient who enter in the People’s  Hospital of JiMocity during June 2007 to April 2008 ,The matched case-control study was performed in 300 adults with asthma （20 to 70 years of age）which were divided into two groupes.The diagnostic of asthma was made through Chinese Journal Of Tuberculosis and Respiration (2004),Asthma was designed based upon prevention,contral,treatment ,management, relief and control drugf, trigger factor, presymptom and lung-function monitoring ,et al.
 To access the relationship of factors to asthma,we used univariate and multivariate logistic regression model which was employed to evaluate the risk factors for asthma.The dependent variable was presence and absence of asthma.Statistical testing was done at the two-tailed alpha level of 0.05,odd ratios(OR)and 95%CI was calculated.Data were analyzed  using the SPSS11.5 software.
Results: One Hundred Fifty mathed pairs were investgated, the ratio of males to females was 1.56:1.There was no difference in number and sexuality between two groupes.Testing groupe had an obvous advantage over comparison groupe in acknowlegement asthma knowledge,PEF moinoring,drug appliance,et al.There was also an obvious difference in acute episode frenquencies and hospitalization cases between two groupes(P<O．01).
 Conclusion: To make full-scale heathy inquirey for patient with asthma can enhance their cognition level and reduce acute episode and hospitalization frenquencies.
KEY WORDS: Bronchial Asthma; Nursing;Healthy Inquiry;
TYPE OF THESIS: Investigation Report
 
目  录
1 绪论 1
1.1背景及意义 1
1.2研究目的及目标……………………………………………………………………1
 1.3关键词及定义………………………………………………………………….........2
 1.4文献回顾…………………………………………………………………………….2
2 研究设计…………………………………………………………………………………...3
 2.1研究对象……………………………………………………………………………..3
 2.2一般资料……………………………………………………………………………3
2.2.1哮喘患者性别分布………………………………………………………..3
     2.2.2哮喘患者年龄构成…………………………………………………………3
 2.2.3 哮喘患者的好发季节…………………………………………………….4
 2.2.4 哮喘患者的诱发因素…………………………………………………….4
 2.3研究方法……………………………………………………………………………4
 2.4研究步骤…………………………………………………………………………..5
 2.5统计学分析方法…………………………………………………………………..5
     2.5.1赋值处理…………………………………………………………………..5
     2.5.3单因素分析………………………………………………………………..6
     2.5.3多因素分析………………………………………………………………..6
3 研究结果 7
 3.1二分变量单因素分析……………………………………………………………….7
 3.2多因素分析…………………………………………………………………………..8
 3.3两组哮喘患者急性发作及再住院情况比较……………………………………….8
4 讨论 9
5推论及建议………………………………………………………………………………..13
 5.1推论…………………………………………………………………………...........13
 5.2建议…………………………………………………………………………...........13
致    谢 17
参考文献 19
附    录 23