气垫床预防晚期肺癌患者压疮的探讨

论文编号:HL115  论文字数:14183.页数:24

论文题目：气垫床预防晚期肺癌患者压疮的探讨
摘　要
 目的：通过对临床肺癌晚期病人使用气垫床压疮发生情况的观察，分析护理干预对压疮防治的效果。
 方法：以铜陵有色职工总院呼吸内科为研究现场，以2009.1-2009.12月住院的临床肺癌晚期患者为研究对象，将使用气垫床、普通床的患者分别作为观察组、对照组进行压疮的发生和进展临床护理观察。其中，观察组31例，对照组30例。观察组、对照组均做好常规护理，如由护士协助翻身，白天1次／2h，夜晚1次/4h；观察受压部位皮肤颜色、温度、有无潮湿感，并做记录；保持床单整洁、干燥、无碎屑，保持患者正确、舒适的卧位；避免对局部发红部位进行按摩；给予患者富含营养、易消化的饮食，保证足够的营养支持；观察组气垫床使用雅博-Excel4000防压疮床垫。结合肺癌晚期病人疾病特点，调查项目包括患者姓名、住院号、年龄、性别、体重、临床诊断、受压部位2周后皮肤异常及处理情况等内容。
 结果：对观察组、对照组两组病人在性别、年龄、体重等方面进行分析比较，两组病人差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。2周后观察组皮肤正常28人，皮肤异常3人，压疮发生率为9.68%；对照组皮肤正常16人，皮肤异常14人，压疮发生率为46.67%，观察组压疮发生率低于对照组，两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。
 结论：预见性在压疮预防及护理中是第一位的，由于肺癌晚期病人营养状况一般较差，同时抵抗力下降，长期卧床活动受限等因素易导致压疮的发生。临床应用气垫床明显减轻肺癌晚期病人腰骶部皮肤所承的压力，起到预防压疮的作用，并能使病人增加舒适感，提高病人生命质量，减轻护理工作量，值得临床推广使用。
 关 键 词：肺癌晚期；压疮；气垫床；护理
 论文类型：分析性研究——病例对照研究

 Title: Study on Air Bed to Prevent Pressure Sores in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer
ABSTRACT
Objectives
 To observe the effect of preventing pressure sores on advanced lung cancer patients using air cushion bed, and to analyze the effect of pressure sore prevention and treatment through nursing intervention.
Methods
 Department of respiratory medicine of General workers’ hospital of Tongling nonferrous metals corporation was the research field and the patients with advanced lung cancer in hospital in 2009 were studied. The patients were randomly assigned to observe the occurrence and development of pressure sores through the observation of clinical nursing. 31 cases in the observation group which using air cushion bed and 30 cases in the control group which using ordinary mattresses. Both groups were doing routine care, such as by nurses to help turn for every 2 hours during the day time and once every 4 hours during the night.To keep observing the skin color, temperature, humidity sense of pressure parts and to keep recording.To keep sheets clean, dry, debris-free, maintaining the correct patient, a comfortable supine.To avoid the red part of the local massage and give the patients with nutrient-rich, easily digested diet to ensure adequate nutritional support. The air cushion bed was eqipped with Yabo-Excel4000 anti-bedsore mattress.Consider the characteristics of disease in patients with advanced lung cancer, survey included patient name, hospital number, age, sex, weight, clinical diagnosis, site 2 weeks after compression and treatment of skin disorders and so on. 
Results
 The observation group and the control group in sex, age, weight, etc. were analyzed and compared, there was no significant difference between the two groups of patients（P＞0.05）. The incidence of pressure sores of the observation group was significantly lower than that of  the control group (P＜0.01). After 2 weeks, skin disorders was 3 in the observation group and 14 in the control group.The percentage of pressure sores occur 9.68% was in the observation group and 46.67% in the control group. The incidence of pressure sores of the observation group was less than that of the control group，the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.01).
Conclusion
 Predictability in pressure sore prevention and care is at the first situation. As the nutritional status of patients with advanced lung cancer in general poor, while resistance to decline, activity limitationin such as long-term bed rest and other factors easily lead to the occurrence of pressure sores. Air cushion bed can significantly reduce the pressure beared by lumbosacral skin of patients with advanced lung cancer, play the effective role of prevention of pressure sores, increase patient comfort,improve patient quality of life,reduce nursing workload, and is worthy of clinical use.
Key words: Lung cancer later period；Control a sore；Air cushion bed；Nurse
TYPE OF THESIS: Analytical study
 

目  录
1 前言 1
 1.1研究背景及意义·1
 1.2研究目标3
 1.3 关键词及定义·3
 1.4 文献回顾·3
2 研究设计·9
 2.1 研究对象·9
 2.2 一般资料·9
 2.3 研究方法9
 2.4 研究步骤10
 2.5 统计学分析·10
3 结果11
 3.1 两组病人的一般情况11
 3.2 两组病人受压部位2周后压疮发生情况·11
4 讨论  ·13
 4.1 肺癌晚期病人是压疮的高发人群13
 4.2 卧床病人压疮易发部位及时间·13
 4.3 气垫床可有效预防压疮·13
 4.4 优质的护理可有效防止压疮发生14
5 结论及建议 ·15
 5.1 研究结论15
 5.2研究的局限性和不完善的地方15
  致谢17
  参考文献·19