心理干预对高血压性脑出血患者术后的影响

论文编号:HL102  论文字数:11693.页数:26

论文题目：心理干预对高血压性脑出血患者术后的影响
 摘  要
 
 目的  分析心理社会因素对高血压性脑出血患者术后的影响，探讨对高血压性脑出血患者护理心理干预的方法和疗效。
 方法  将60例高血压性脑出血患者根据入院先后顺序随机分为两组，每组30例，在常规治疗的同时对干预组实施护理心理干预，干预措施为高血压知识教育、放松技术训练、个别心理疏导。干预前分别对两组患者进行一般情况和高血压疾病知识的问卷调查，进行心理指标的测量:焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)，干预后(出院时)再次对高血压疾病知识、SAS,SDS, 血压等指标进行复测，观察两组的疗效，分析影响疗效的因素。
 结果  (1)干预组与非干预组患者入院时一般情况和哮喘疾病知识、SAS、SDS指标无统计学差异（P＞0.05）；（2)入院时60例患者SAS与SDS的均分均高于国内常模(p＜0.001)；（3)治疗后干预组和非干预组的心理、疾病知识、血压等各项指标均具有统计学意义(p＜0.05)。（4)影响血压的因素:抑郁焦虑情绪、个性特征、心理干预、疾病知识。
 结论 个性特征、情绪状态等心理社会因素对高血压性脑出血患者的发病和转归作用较明显，在常规治疗的同时辅以心理干预，能够有效减轻抑郁、焦虑症状，缓解心理压力，稳定情绪，使高血压性脑出血疾病得到控制，疗效显著。
 
 关键词  高血压；脑出血；心理分析；心理干预
 
  
Title: Psychological intervention and its clinical effects on patients with hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage
ABSTRACT
 Objective  To analysis the factor of psychology and society that affect hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage patients. To explore the methods and curative effect of mentalintervene in hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage patients.
 Methods  To divide the 60 patients of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage into two groups,30 patients/group. At the same time of treatment, we intervene in the study group with mental step. The intervening steps are mental leading, education of asthma information, relax technic and individual mental treatment. Before the intervening, we investigate the patient''''s general situation and knowledge about hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage with questionnaire. And measure the Self Rating Anxiety Scale, SAS、Self-Rating Depression Scale, SDS、blood pressure. After intervening, we measure the same indexes above. Observing the curative effect of the two groups, and analysis the influence factors.
 Results  A There are no significant difference between two group in general situation and knowledge about hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage, SAS、SDS,when they are hospitalized (p>0.05). B The average score of SAS and SDS in 60 patients were higher than normal people in China. C There are significant difference between the two groups in psychological measurement, and blood pressure,The knowledge of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage (p＜0.05). D

pressure are the mood of depression and anxiety、mental intervene、personal character, knowledge about hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage.
 Conclusion  The factors of psychology and society have great effect onpatients of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage, such as personality and mood, affect the cause and result of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage. At the same time of treatment, mental intervening can relieve the symptom of depressions, anxiety and pressure of psychology. The symptoms of hypertension intracerebral hemorrhage can be improved in this way.
 
 KEY WORDS  hypertension；intracerebral hemorrhage； Psycho-analysis；Intervention countermeasure
 
目  录
 
1 前 言 1
1.1背景 1
1.2目的 1
1.3关键词定义 2
1.4文献回顾 2
2.方 法 7
2.1研究设计 7
2.2研究人群 7
2.3研究方法/工具 7
1.1.1 2.3.1 研究方法 7
1.1.2 2.3.2 研究工具 9
2.4研究步骤 10
2.5统计分析 10
3.结 果 11
3.1 一般资料 11
3.2 高血压性脑出血病人SAS、SDS评分与国内常模比较 11
3.3 出院时两组心理、生理指标的比较 12
3.4 干预组与非干预组前后两次评分之差比较（表4） 12
4.讨 论 13
4.1心理社会因素对高血压性脑出血的影响 13
4.2心理干预对高血压性脑出血的意义 14
5.结论与展望 17
5.1结论 17
5.2展望 17
致    谢 19
参考文献 21
附    录 23