学龄前儿童的营养护理

论文编号:HL100  论文字数:8235.页数:22

论文题目：学龄前儿童的营养护理
摘  要

研究背景
 在最近的研究报告中，学龄前儿童营养性疾病案例比较多，常见的分为营养不良性疾病和过营养性疾病。营养不良性疾病常因营养缺乏程度不同而分为营养不足症和营养缺乏症，前者指亚临床性营养不良，后者指有明显临床表现的疾病。常见的过营养性疾病主要有：肥胖症、糖尿病等。发病虽有遗传、体质、神经及精神等多种因素，但脂质营养失调，脂肪在膳食中比例过高，特别是动物性脂肪、饱和脂肪酸摄取过多，是一个重要的致病原因。
研究目的
 探讨对学龄前儿童营养不良性疾病、过营养性疾病的成因以及采用营养护理手段对学龄前儿童营养性疾病的干预效果。
研究方法
 162例学龄前儿童随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组80例，根据学龄前儿童的身体现状采取合适的营养护理的方法和手段；对照组82例，不采取额外的营养护理的方法和手段。监测学龄前儿童的生理状况指标：血红蛋白、体重，采用统计学T检验法分析数据，得出相关结论。
研究结果
 实验组中儿童缺铁性贫血只有2.5%,而对照组中儿童缺铁性贫血有17.1%；x2＝9.65，P<0.01，说明采用合理的营养护理方法能显著降低学龄前儿童患缺铁性贫血的几率；实验组中儿童肥胖患病率只有5.0%,而对照组中儿童肥胖患病率有19.5%；x2＝7.89，P<0.01，说明采用合理的营养护理方法能显著降低学龄前儿童肥胖的患病率。
结论
 我们应根据学龄前儿童营养性疾病采取不同的营养护理的方法和手段。如开展营养知识的健康教育, 做好健康教育、加强运动锻炼、倡导平衡膳食、控制出生体重、采取合理的药物治疗、改变生活方式、定期监测体质等，让学龄前儿童能健康成长。
采用合理的营养护理方法能显著降低学龄前儿童患缺铁性贫血和肥胖患病的几率
关键词：学龄前儿童，营养性疾病，营养护理
论文类型：研究报告
   
 Title: Comparison of the effect of nutritional nursing methods to preschool children
ABSTRACT
 Background:
 It could be found that there are many nutritional disease cases in the recent research papers. There were two types of nutritional diseases,one was lack of essential nutrients, for example iron deficiency anemia; the other was overnutrition, for example adiposis.    
 
 Objectives:
 To study the influences of nutritional nursing to preschool children，including haemoglobin, avoirdupois.
 
 Methods:
 162 preschool children were randomly divided to experimental group (80 cases) and control group (82 cases), monitored the items of physiology such as: haemoglobin, avoirdupois. The preschool children in experimental were raised by the right means of nutritional nursing, while the preschool children in control were not intervened in nutritional nursing.
 
 Results:
 The items of physiology between two groups have statistical difference( P＜0.01). Incidence of iron deficiency anemia, adiposis in experimental group is lower than that in control group. In experimental group, the proportion of iron deficiency anemia was 2.5%, the proportion of adiposis was 5.0%. In experimental group,there were 17.1% and 19.5 respectively. Compared with ones in control group, there were significant difference.          
 
 Conclusion:
 The disease number of iron deficiency anemia and adiposis in preschool children can observably decrease by the right means of nutritional nursing.

KEY WORDS: preschool children；nutritional disease；nutritional nursing

TYPE OF THESIS: Research Report

 
目  录
1 绪论 1
 1.1研究背景及意义 1
     1.1.1研究背景……………………………………………………………………..1
     1.1.2研究意义……………………………………………………………………..2
 1.2研究目标 2
 1.3关键词及定义 3
 1.4文献回顾 3
2对象与方法 5
 2.1研究对象 5
 2.2一般资料 5
 2.3研究方法 6
 2.4研究步骤 6
3结果与分析 7
 3.1两组学龄前儿童贫血人数下降人次比较 7
 3.2两组学龄前儿童肥胖人数下降人次比较 7
 3.3研究结果…………………………………………………………………………….7
4讨论 9
 4.1营养护理对学龄前儿童贫血患病率的影响 9
 4.2营养护理对学龄前儿童肥胖患病率的影响 9
5结论与展望 11
 5.1研究结论…………………………………………………………………………...11
 5.2不足和建议………………………………………………………………………...11
致    谢 13
参考文献 15