中专护生临床实习各期心理特点与教学对策

论文编号:HL120  论文字数:8178.页数:23

论文题目：中专护生临床实习各期心理特点与教学对策
摘　要
 目的：探讨中专护生临床实习各期存在的心理特点，并根据存在的心理问题实施相应的带教对策，指导和帮助她们尽快适应角色，较好地完成临床实习任务。方法：选择2007年6月-2008年6月在我院康复部实习的5所护校50名中专学生。将一个实习周期做划分，6～8月定为实习初期，8～4月定为实习中期，5～6月定为实习后期。分别于护生实习初期、中期、末期出科前发放自制调查问卷40份，共发放120份，收回120份，回收率100%，且均为有效问卷。根据调查结果显示的心理特点，调整带教计划，制定分期教学目标，使中专护生的较好地完成临床实习。结果：问卷调查结果显示，在实习初期，护生的好奇心理、胆怯心理最为明显，达到95%，求知欲强烈,占92.5%,90%反应有紧张心理,自卑担心不能胜任工作占80%，70%对护理工作、护士职业憧憬；实习中期，骄傲自满心理和松懈情绪突出，分别占90%和87.5%,厌烦情绪有所上升,22.5%；实习后期好奇、胆怯、紧张等不良心理基本消失，但82.5%的护生存在怕苦怕累及对临床工作的厌恶心理，职业认同感下降，对未来就业没有信心。根据这一结果，护理部要求各实习科室对原带教计划进行调整，并按分期教学目标实施带教。实习结束前进行师生双向评价反馈，该方法一定程度减轻临床带教压力，教师对教学目标更明确，也避免重复劳动；护生能适应实习环境，减轻心理负担，提高基础护理技能，培养良好的沟通，树立自信心，提高职业认同力，实习效果较满意。结论：对护生实习期间心理特点的研究和了解，有助于临床带教中有的放矢的的调整教学方案，减轻中专护生不同实习时期存在的不良心理压力，减少护理差错的发生，提高学生对护理工作的认识，增强了临床实习的兴趣和效果，对临床护理管理也起到促进作用。
 关 键 词：中专护生；实习；心理特点；教学
 论文类型：其它
  
 Title: Nursing students clinical practice phases of the psychological characteristics and Teaching Strategies
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore nursing students clinical practice phases of the existence of the psychological characteristics and, based on psychological problems exist in the implementation of appropriate measures with a teaching guide and help them to adapt to the role of good clinical practice to complete the task.
Methods: June 2007 -2008 year in June in our hospital rehabilitation department internship five secondary students in nursing school 50. To do an internship period will be divided, 6 to August as the initial attachment, 8 April as the medium-term internship, 5 June as a post-internship. Nursing students, respectively, the early, mid, late Chuke self-questionnaire pre-release 40, a total of 120 to recover the 120, 100% recovery rate, and are valid questionnaires. According to the survey results show that the psychological characteristics, adjusting the belt teaching plans, teaching objectives to develop in phases, so that a better secondary school students to complete clinical practice.
Results: The survey results show that in practice beginning nursing students curious about psychology, the most obvious cowardice, reaching 95%, a strong thirst for knowledge, accounting for 92.5%, 90% of psychological stress reactions, low self-esteem does not fear for jobs accounted for 80%, 70% of the nursing work, nurses and occupational aspirations; internship mid lax complacency psychological and emotional prominent, accounting for 90% and 87.5%, tired of feeling had increased, 22.5%; internship late curiosity, shyness, nervousness and other bad psychological disappeared However, 82.5% of the care and live in fear of suffering Palei aversion to the clinical work, vocational identity down for future employment, lack of confidence. According to this result,
 Nursing Department request the internship with the Education Departments of the original plan adjustments, in accordance with a phased implementation of the teaching objectives to teach. Internships for students and teachers before the end of a two-way evaluation feedback, the method to a certain extent reduce the pressure of clinical teaching, teachers teaching more targeted, but also to avoid duplication of work; nursing students to adapt to practical environment, reduce the psychological burden, and improving basic nursing skills, develop good communication, foster self-confidence and raise their professional identity strength, internship satisfactory results.
Conclusion: The psychological characteristics of nursing students during the study and understanding of clinical teaching will help the adjustment of teaching programs targeted to alleviate the nursing students in different periods internships adverse psychological pressure exists to reduce the occurrence of nursing errors and improve student awareness of the work of nursing, increased interest in clinical practice and effectiveness of clinical nursing management also play a catalytic role.
KEY WORDS: nursing students; practice; psychological characteristics; Teaching

TYPE OF THESIS: Other

目  录
1 绪论………………………………………………………………………………………..1
 1.1背景与意义…………………………………………………………………………1
 1.2研究目的及目标……………………………………………………………………1
 1.3关键词及定义………………………………………………………………………1
 1.4文献回顾……………………………………………………………………………2
2 研究设计…………………………………………………………………………………..3
 2.1研究对象……………………………………………………………………………3
 2.2一般资料……………………………………………………………………………3
 2.3研究方法…………………………………………………………………………….3
 2.4研究步骤…………………………………………………………………………….4
3 研究结果…………………………………………………………………...………………5
4 讨论……………………………………………………………………………………… ..7
 4.1实习初期…………………………………………………………………………….7
 4.1.1尊重爱护护生，加强交流沟通…………………………………………….…….7
 4.1.2强化理论知识，提高操作技能…………………………………………….…….7
 4.1.3培养沟通能力，建立良好的护患关系…………………………………….…….7
 4.2实习中期…………………………………………………………………………….8 
 4.2.1严格带教，控制易出错的环节…….…………………………………………….8
 4.2.2增加专科护理技能、较复杂操作技术的培训……………….………………….8
 4.2.3培养基本观察、处理能力………………………………….…………………….8
 4.3实习后期…………………………………………………………………………….9
 4.3.1重视职业道德教育，培养慎独精神……………………………….…………….9
 4.3.2培养对护理对象的认识………………………………………….……………….9
 4.3.3培养独立工作能力………………………………………………………….…….9
5 推论与建议……………………………………………………….……………………....11
  5.1推论………………………………………………………...………………………....11
 5.2建议………...………………………………………………………………………....11
致   谢………………… ……………………………………………………………..…12

参考文献………………………………………………………………………………….....13