响应面法优化菜籽油甾醇提取

论文编号:HG210  论文字数:12991,页数:30

 摘 要：为优化菜籽油植物甾醇的提取工艺，以10mL菜籽油的植物甾醇产量为指标，对液料比（V/V）、提取过程中反应时间、反应温度、萃取剂用量及萃取次数等因素进行了考察。利用响应面法对提取植物甾醇的工艺进行优化，在单因素实验的基础上，选取液料比，反应时间和萃取剂用量为随机因子，根据中心组合设计原理采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法，依据回归分析确定最优提取工艺条件。结果表明，植物甾醇提取的最佳工艺条件为：液料比为4.3:1，反应时间为40min，反应温度为93℃，用102mL的乙醚萃取，萃取1次。采用该工艺条件，10mL原油的甾醇产量可达到12.67mg。验证实验值为12.63mg，与理论值相对误差为0.32%。最后对溶剂的回收进行研究。
 关键词：菜籽油；植物甾醇；响应面分析法；工艺优化

Abstract: The optimization experiment of the extraction of phytosterols from rapeseed crude oil was carried out and the optimal extraction condition was determined, and accordingly to be used in extracting of phytosterols. In the experiment extraction yield of phytosterol from 10mL rapeseed crude oil was taken as an index, the liquid-material ratio，the time of extraction, and the extractant volume., extraction temperature, and extraction times in the extraction process were studied.To optimize the extraction of phytosterols from Rapeseed crude oil using response surface methodology, basing on the single factor experiment, the response surface methodology with three factors at three levels is adopted according to the principle of central composite design. And the factors of optimum conditions for the extraction will be determined by regression analysis choosing the liquid-material ratio，the time of extraction, and the extractant volume. The result shows that the optimum conditions for the extraction are as follows: the liquid-material ratio is 4.3:1(V/V), the time of extraction is 40 min, the reaction temperature is 93℃，the extractant volume is 102mL,and the extraction times is once.Under the optimum conditons,the extraction yield of phytosterols from 10mL rapeseed crude oil is 12.67mg while the experimental data is 12.63 mg with relative error 0.23% compared with theoretical value.At last we studied the recycle of solvent.
 Keywords：Rapeseed crude oil；Phytosterols；Response surface methodology；
 Optimization

目  录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目  录 III
1. 绪论 1
1.1 植物甾醇的来源 1
1.2 植物甾醇的结构 1
1.3 植物甾醇的性质 1
1.4 植物甾醇的提取分离 1
1.4.1 溶剂结晶法 2
1.4.2 超临界CO2萃取法 3
1.4.3 超声波法 3
1.4.4 分子蒸馏法 3
1.4.5 络合法 4
1.4.6 皂化法 4
1.5 植物甾醇的分析 5
1.5.1 毛地黄皂甙法 6
1.5.2 薄层色谱法(TLC) 6
1.5.3 可见光比色法(VS) 6
1.5.4 气相色谱法(GC) 6
1.5.5 高效液相色谱法 7
1.6  植物甾醇的应用 7
1.6.1  医药工业 7
1.6.2 食品工业 7
1.6.3 化妆品业 8
1.6.4  化工、印刷等其它方面 8
1.7  植物甾醇的发展前景 8
2. 实验部分 9
2.1  实验原料、试剂与仪器 9
2.2  实验步骤 9
2.2.1  甾醇的提取 9
2.2.2  甾醇的含量测定 9
3. 结果与讨论 11
3.1  单因素考察及其分析 11
3.1.1  液料比对甾醇产量的影响 11
3.1.2  反应时间对甾醇产量的影响 11
3.1.3  萃取剂用量对甾醇产量的影响 12
3.1.4  反应温度对甾醇产量的影响 13
3.1.5  萃取次数对甾醇产量的影响 13
3.1.6  其它实验 14
3.2  响应面法优化植物甾醇提取工艺-Box-Behnken法 15
3.3  响应面法确立最佳工艺条件 15
3.3.1  响应值结果及其拟合模型 15
3.3.2  等高线图和响应面图分析 18
3.3.3 模型的验证 22
4.  总结与展望 23
致谢 24
参考文献 25