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论文编号:DQ154 论文字数:9997,页数:34
摘 要
在城市交通中，公共汽车是必不可少的交通工具，它为人们带来了便捷、经济和实惠。同时，也可为城市减少交通阻塞创造有利条件，可相对减少自行车和小轿车的行驶量。绿色环保以人为本，现代高科技观念，是人们的追求目标，电车空调满足了绿色环保的要求。单片机控制技术在汽车电子中的应用日渐广泛，它显著提高了汽车的智能化控制水平和安全性能。但是，目前客车空调大多还是以传统式的旋钮开关控制方式，控温精度差，功能单一，与汽车工业的发展不相适宜。本款电车空调控制器采用高性价比PIC单片机，运用嵌入式智能控制和RS485通信总线技术，采用数码管显示。同时拥有多级风速变换、换新风、自动除霜等功能，保证在各种外界气候和条件下使乘客都处于一个舒适的空气环境中，使驾驶员保持清晰的视野，为安全驾驶提供基本保证。
关键词：PIC; RS485; 空调
Abstract
In urban transport, bus transport is essential, it convenient for people, economic and benefits. At the same time, it creates favorable conditions to reduce traffic congestion and reduces the bike’s and car’s traffic volume. Green people-oriented, high-tech concept is the goal that people are pursuing, air-conditioned trams meets the requirements of the green. The application of MCU technology in the automotive electronics is widespread. It significantly increased the level of intelligent control of the vehicle and safety performance. However, there are air-conditioned buses still using the traditional switch-knob control. It has poor temperature control accuracy and single function, which is not appropriate with the development of the automobile industry. This tram air-conditioning controller uses cost-effective PIC microcontroller, the intelligent embedded control, communication RS485 bus technology, digital indicators. At the same time, with multi-level wind speed transformation, replacement wind, automatic defrost, and other functions, whatever the weather and conditions outside is, it ensures the passengers a comfortable environment, It also brings the driver clear vision and basic guarantees of safe driving .
Keywords：PIC; RS485; air-conditioning
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪 论 1
2 总体方案设计 2
2.1 系统总体结构 2
2.2 系统硬件结构 3
2.3 系统总体软件结构 3
3 PIC16F690单片机 5
3.1 PIC16F690系统硬件概况 5
3.1.1 内核及外围模块 5
3.1.2 内核结构的特点 6
3.1.3 中断机制 6
3.2 EUSART通信模块 8
3.3 定时器 9
3.3.1 定时器0 9
3.3.2 定时器1 10
3.3.3 定时器2 10
3.4 模数转换器模块 10
4 硬件功能模块及软件介绍 12
4.1 主要硬件功能模块简介 12
4.1.1 复位电路 12
4.1.2 DC/DC变换功能芯片34063 12
4.1.3 MAX485芯片 14
4.1.4 串并口转换芯片74HC595 15
4.2 软件设计 17
4.2.1 RS485主从式多机通信协议 17
4.2.2 程序设计 21
5 系统的调试 24
5.1 硬件电路调试 24
5.2 系统调试 24
5.3 系统的改进方向 24
6 总 结 25
致 谢 26
参考文献 27
附录 系统原理图及PCB图 28
