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论文编号:ZD1242 论文字数:15319,页数:46 附原理图
摘 要
红外物质水分探测仪是一种集光、机、电为一体的高科技产品，在工业的水分测量上有很广泛的应用。它具有操作应用简单、反应速度快、精度高、非接触、测量范围大、应用范围广和受环境因素影响小，并可在线连续测量等优点而倍受青睐。本文主要是从红外传感器的探测原理和以AT89c51单片机系统及其软件设计三部分来论述红外物质水分探测仪的结构、原理和实现。
本设计依据红外测湿原理，借鉴国内外同类产品进行了红外传感器电路设计。为保证红外传感器的测试精度，进行了光源的恒定自动控制、恒温制冷自动控制、前置放大电路等模拟电路的设计。同时，在以AT89c51为核心的单片机系统中充分考虑了器件的通用性、性价比和精度要求，在保证测量精度的前提下尽量的降低了成本。大部分器件采用串行接法，从而简化了硬件电路。在系统软件设计时，为提高精度，采用累加平均等处理方法。
本设计分为八章，分别对设计的各部分进行了论证。此次设计主要设计了红外传感器的模拟电路、AT89c51单片机的硬件接口电路和系统软件。在第二章中主要是对红外测量方法优点的论证及与其他测量法的比较；第三章中对红外测量原理及其光路系统做了介绍；第四章和第五章对各部分具体电路加以详尽的分析介绍；第六章进行了软件分析设计；在第七章中绘制了系统流程框图；并在最后附有相关文献及硬件图纸和软件程序清单并对在设计中给我极大帮助和指导的老师表示了感谢。
ABSTRACT
Infrared material-moisture measuring instrument is a high science and technology product with light, machine and electricity. It is widely used in industry.It has a series of advantage such as high-precision, fast-measuring, non-contact, wide-measuring range,rich-measuring kind, little influence of environment, on-line measuring and so on. And now, more and more people welcome it. This article focuses on discussing its structure, principle and design of infrared measuring instrument and the system of AT89c51 monolithic processor.
Using the experience of the other countries as reference, we also design analog control circuit such as the light source automatically control, refrigeration control and the preposition amplifier and so on. At the same time when we design the system of AT89c51 monolithic processor, we widely consider its versatility, cost performance and measuring precision. Much hardware is connected synchronously, so that simplified hardware circuit. When we design the system software, to improve measuring precision, we used accumulation and average principle.
This text is divided into eight chapters; distinguish the right each part designing to proceeds the argument. In this designing, it mainly include outside right red measured analog control circuit and interface circuit and system software of AT89c51 monolithic processor. Measure the argument of the method advantage outside chapter 2 inside is primarily is right red and with the comparison of the other diagraph method; Chapter 3 inside is outside right red measured the principle and its light road the system to do the introduction; Chapter 4 analysis each and part of and concrete electric circuit take into detailed with chapter 5 introduction; 6 proceeding the software analyze the design; Drew the system process the diagram in chapter7; Combined at the teacher that finally fish-eye and related cultural heritage and hardware diagram paper with the software procedure the detailed list combine to me to biggest help in the design with directive to mean the with gratitude.
目 录
第一章 绪论………………………………………………………… 1
第二章 方案论证…………………………………………………… 2
2．1 设计要求及任务…………………………………… 2
2．2 测量方法——探测器的选择……………………… 2
2．3 分析处理部分——单片机系统的选择…………… 4
第三章 红外探测技术……………………………………………… 7
3．1 红外测湿原理……………………………………… 7
3．2 红外传感器的光路系统…………………………… 7
3．3 湿度测量中的湿度表示方法……………………… 8
第四章 红外探测器模拟电路设计 ……………………………… 10
4．1 自动控制光源电路 …………………………………10
4．2 恒温制冷电路……………………………………… 11
4．3 前置放大电路……………………………………… 11
4．4 光路检测器………………………………………… 13
4．5 硫化铅探测器的工作原理………………………… 14
第五章 微机处理系统硬件设计 ……………………………………15
5．1 A/D转换电路设计 ……………………………………15
5．2 看门狗电路与复位电路设计……………………… 16
5．3 显示电路与键盘电路设计………………………… 17
5．4 串行通信电路设计………………………………… 18
第六章 系统软件设计 ………………………………………………20
6．1 主程序设计………………………………………… 20
6．2 系统子程序设计…………………………………… 20
第七章 程序框图 ……………………………………………………25
第八章 总结………………………………………………………… 40
附录A: 元件明细表………………………………………………… 41
数字电路元件明细表……………………………………… 41
模拟电路元件明细表……………………………………… 42
附录B: 系统硬件电路图…………………………………………… 44
附录C: 主要参考文献……………………………………………… 46
附录D: 系统软件程序清单（见另一册软件设计）
