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论文编号:ZD473 论文字数:29057,页数:61，有开题报告，任务书，文献综述
摘要：本项目为湘潭电机厂三分厂技改项目,该项目已通过厂方技术鉴定并可靠运行5年,系统共有被控电机5台,要求共用一套软启动器,且不同时启动,具有手动和自动两种控制方式,必要的互锁保护措施,电气控制系统采用目前最流行的工业控制装置—PLC和软启动器,PLC控制系统的设计关键为动作的准确性和系统的可靠性.
本文是针对交流电机的PLC的控制方法进行研究。此处采用FXos系列可变成控制器对其进行控制。本文先介绍了PLC的历史、发展趋势和它的一些显著特点，接着再把它和此次设计结合起来，系统的设计主要包括硬件和软件设计两个部分。硬件的设计主要包括选型、外围电路的设计，控制电路的设计。软件设计包括梯型图、指令表、I/O地址的分配。
关键词：PLC；交流电机；群控
Systematic design of control of electrical machinery of exchange on the basis of PLC
ABSTRACT：This project is a technological transformation project of three subsidiary factories of electrical machinery plant of Xiang Tan, this project has already passed manufacturer''s technology qualification and run for 5 years reliably, unless it have electrical machinery 5 set in all system accuse of, it is for sets of starter not soft not to demand,and with when start, having manual and two kinds of automatic control methods, the essential one locks the protective measure each other, the electric control system adopts the most popular industry control device- PLC and soft starter at present, the design key to PLC control system is accuracy of movements and dependability of the system.
This text carries on research to the control method of PLC of exchanging the electrical machinery. Here adopt FXos to be series variable to become controller control to their. Some remarkable characteristics that this text has introduced history , development trend and it of PLC first , then conbine it and design this time together again, The systematic design includes two parts of the hardware and software design mainly. The design of the hardware includes the designs of the selecting type , peripheral circuit, the design of the control circuit mainly. Software design includes the distribution of terraced picture , order form , I/O address.
Keywords：PLC；Exchange the electrical machinery；Team control
目 录
摘 要………………………………………………………………………………………I
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………..II
第1章 概述………………………………………………………………………………..1
1.1 课题研究的意义和目的………………………………………………………….1
1.2 课题发展现状及前景展望……………………………………………………….2
第2章 软启动器…………………………………………………………………………..4
2.1 如何实现软起动………………………………………………………………….4
2.2 软起动的种类…………………………………………………………………….5
2.3 选好软起动装置………………………………………………………………….8
2.3.1电动机方面………………………………………………………………….8
2.3.2被传动机械方面…………………………………………………………….8
2.4 软启动器的工作原理…………………………………………………………….9
2.5 软起动的特性…………………………………………………………………….10
2.6 软起动的类型…………………………………………………………………….10
2.7 软停车…………………………………………………………………………….11
2.8 软起动器的应用……………………………………………………………….…12
2.9 与变频控制器的比较…………………………………………………………….16
第3章 硬件设计…………………………………………………………………………..18
3.1 电气控制要求…………………………………………………………………….18
3.2 电路的设计……………………………………………………………………….18
3.3 元件的选型……………………………………………………………………….18
3.3.1交流接触器的选择………………………………………………………….18
3.3.2断路器的选择.........................................19
3.3.3电机的选择………………………………………………………………….21
3.3.4继电器的选择……………………………………………………………….24
3.3.5可编程序控制器(PLC)的选择………………………….…………………..26
3.3.6软起动器的选择及参数设值……………………………………………….31
3.4 元件明细表……………………………………………………………………….32
3.5 控制电路的设计……………………………………………………………….…32
第4章 软件设计…………………………………………………………………………..36
4.1 设计任务及要求………………………………………………………………….36
4.1.1设计任务及内容…………………………………………………………….36
4.1.2设计要求………………………………………………………………….....36
4.1.3设计的条件…………………………………………....………………...…..36
4.2 I/O地址分配表……………………………………………………………………36
4.3 梯形图………………………………………………………………….…………37
4.4 指令表………………………………………………………………….…………39
第5章 电路的保护……………………………………………………………..…………42
5.1 PLC控制系统检测与保护程序…………………………………………...………42
5.1.1故障检测程序的设计…………………………………………………..……42
5.1.2联锁、互锁功能的软硬件设置……………………………..………………43
5.2 软起动器的短路保护………………………………………………….…………46
5.2.1一般起动器的短路保护线路……………………………………..…………46
5.2.2晶闸管的短路保护…………………………………………………..………47
5.2.3软起动器的短路保护线路………………………………………..…………48
总结体会……………………………………………………………………………………50
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………51
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………52
附图A………………………………………………………………………………………53
附图B………………………………………………………………………………………54
附图C………………………………………………………………………………………55
