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论文编号:ZD1284 论文字数:18086,页数:46
摘 要
现代社会中，电梯已经成为不可缺少的运输设备。电梯的存在使得每幢高层建筑的交通更为便利。电梯控制技术的发展主要经历了三个阶段：继电器控制阶段，微机控制阶段，现场总线控制阶段。目前电梯设计使用可编程控制器(PLC)，要求功能变化灵活，编程简单，故障少，噪音低。维修保养方便，节能省工，抗干扰能力强，控制箱占地面积少。当乘员进入电梯，按下楼层按钮，电梯门自动关闭后，控制系统进行下列运作：根据轿厢所处位置及乘员所处层数，判定轿厢运行方向，保证轿厢平层时减速。将轿厢停在选定的楼层上；同时，根据楼层的呼叫，顺路停车，自动开关门。另外在轿厢内外均要有信号灯显示电梯运行方向及楼层数。随着经济的高速发展，微电子技术、计算机技术和自动控制技术也得到了迅速发展，交流变频调速技术已经进入一个崭新的时代，其应用越来越广。电梯是现代高层建筑的垂直交通工具，其设计要求稳定性、安全性及高。电梯的结构随着城市建设的不断发展，高层建筑不断增多，电梯作为高层建筑中垂直运行的交通工具已与人们的日常生活密不可分。电梯是机、电一体化产品。其机械部分好比是人的躯体，电气部分相当于人的神经，控制部分相当于人的大脑。各部分通过控制部分调度，密切协同，使电梯可靠运行。
关键词 可编程序控制器，电梯控制系统，继电器
ABSTRACT
Modern society, the elevator has become an indispensable transportation equipment. Existence of the lift of each high-rise buildings more accessible. Elevator control technology has gone through three major stages: stage of the relay control, computer control of stage, stage of fieldbus control. At present, the use of elevators designed programmable controller (PLC), flexible and functional changes in requirements, programming is simple, less failure, low noise. Easy maintenance, energy-saving labor, anti-jamming ability, and control box covers an area of less. When the crew entered the elevator, press the floor button, automatic elevator doors closed, the operation control system to carry out the following: In accordance with the location of car and crew in which the number of layers to determine the direction of car to ensure that when the car decelerating flat layer. The car stopped at the selected floor; At the same time, in accordance with the call floor, the way of parking, automatic door switch. Also in the car both inside and outside lights should be displayed and the direction of the lift a few floors. With the rapid economic development, micro-electronics technology, computer technology and automatic control technology has been the rapid development of AC frequency converter technology has entered a new era, and their use has become an increasingly widespread. Elevator is a modern high-rise building, the vertical transport, the design requirements for stability, security and high. The structure of the lift with the continuous development of urban construction, the increasing high-rise buildings, elevators in high-rise building as a vertical run of the transport and people''s daily lives have been inextricably linked. Elevator is a mechanical, electrical integration products. Mechanical parts of its body is like, the electrical equivalent of one part of the nerves, the control part of the human brain. Part by controlling the various parts of scheduling, in close collaboration, so that reliable operation of elevators.
Key words programmable controller, Elevator control system，relay
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 绪论 1
1.1 序言 1
1.2 PLC的国内外状况及未来展望 1
1.2.1 PLC的国内外状况 1
1.2.2 PLC的未来展望 2
1.3 课题研究的意义 2
2 电梯控制系统组成 4
2.1 电梯的三个工作状态 4
2.1.1 电梯的自检状态 4
2.1.2 电梯的正常工作状态 4
2.1.3 电梯强制工作状态 4
2.2 电梯控制系统原理框图 5
2.3 电梯控制系统的硬件结构框图 5
2.4 电梯控制系统的软件流程 7
2.5 电梯的控制要求 8
2.6 电梯的控制功能 9
3 PLC硬件设计 12
3.1 PLC机型的选择 12
3.2 PLC机架的选择 13
3.3 PLC的CPU选择 13
3.3.1 I/O点数的估算 13
3.3.2 用户存储器容量的估算 13
3.4 I/O模块的选择 14
4 PLC软件设计 16
4.1 编程软件选择 16
4.1.1 选择编程软件 16
4.1.2 Rslogix5000编程软件硬件配置 16
4.2 CONTROLLOGIX PLC系统编程软件 16
4.2.1 Rslogix5000编程软件功能简述 16
4.2.2 Rslogix5000软件的安装步骤及操作界面介绍 17
4.2.3 题目设计用的主要指令介绍 18
5 系统设计 19
5.1 I/O分配表 19
5.2 电梯控制的梯形图及说明 20
5.2.1 电梯的启动复位程序 20
5.2.2 开关门环节 22
5.2.3 层楼信号的产生与清除环节 24
5.2.4 厢内信号的登记与消除环节 25
5.2.5 外呼信号的登记与消除环节 27
5.2.6 电梯的定向环节 29
5.2.7 自动运行时启动加速、稳定运行停车制动环节 31
5.2.8 停层信号环节 33
5.2.9 辅助环节及梯形图 34
5.3 程序的调试 35
结 论 37
参 考 文 献 38
附录A：输入输出信号功能及地址编号 39
附录B：程序相关内部继电器 41
致 谢 42
