太阳能逆变和并网技术的研究

论文编号:DQ118   论文字数:18455,页数:35

摘  要
 在20世纪的世界能源结构中，人类所利用的能源主要是石油、天然气和煤炭等一次性能源。随着经济的发展、人口的增加和社会生活水平的提高，能源消费量日益增长，世界上已经出现了能源危机。世界各国都在积极寻找一种可持续发展且无污染的新能源，其中太阳能作为一种高效无污染且可持续发展的新能源，尤其受到广泛的重视。太阳能光伏利用的主要形式为太阳能光伏并网系统，在此背景下，本文在太阳能光伏并网系统的硬件设计、主要技术等方面进行了深入探索。
 本文在充分分析近年来光伏发电领域重要研究成果的基础上，设计了一套三相光伏发电并网系统，对系统的拓扑结构、控制电路给出了详细的设计要点。以DSPTMS320LF2407为控制核心，实现了电路保护、数据采集等功能，为各种光伏并网控制算法提供了灵活可靠的硬件平台。同时本文也介绍了太阳能光伏并网发电系统到的最大功率跟踪技术和孤岛效应的检测与保护技术。

关键词：太阳能、光伏并网、DSP、 最大功率跟踪、孤岛效应

Abstract
 In the 20th century, the world''''s energy structure, the use of human energy is mainly oil, natural gas and coal, and other one-time energy. Along with the economic development, population growth and social improvement of living standards, energy consumption growth, the world''''s energy crisis has already emerged. Countries all over the world to actively seek a sustainable development of new and clean energy. The highly efficient solar energy as a clean and sustainable development of new energy sources, particularly wide attention. And the use of photovoltaic solar energy will be the main form of solar photovoltaic systems and networks. In this context, this paper, solar photovoltaic systems and network hardware design, main technology , carried out in一depth exploration.
 This paper studies in recent years in the full field of photovoltaic generating important research results on the basis of a three-phase design of photovoltaic power generation system and network, the topology of the system design, control circuit design is given a detailed design features. DSPTMS320LF2407 for the control of the core to achieve the current protection, data acquisition, and other functions, and for various photovoltaic network control algorithm provides a flexible and reliable hardware platform. At the same time, this article also introduced solar-powered grid-connected PV system to the maximum power tracking techniques and an island effect of detection and protection technology.
 
Keywords：Solar、Photo voltage grid connected、DSP、MPPT、islanding effect

目 录
摘要……………………………………………………………...……………………. ..Ⅰ
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………....Ⅱ
1 绪论……………………………………………………………………………………………１
 1.1概述………………………………………………………………………………………..１
 1.2太阳能的特点……………………………………………………………………………..１
 1.3国外太阳能开发利用现状………………………………………………………………..１
 1.4国内太阳能开发利用现状………………………………………………………………..２
 1.5太阳能并网发电的意义…………………………………………………………………..２
2 太阳能光伏并网发电系统基本原理…………………………………………………......4
 2.1光伏并网发电系统的分类………………………………………………………………...4
 2.2太阳能电池的工作原理………………………………………………………….... ……..7
 2.3光伏发电系统中逆变电源的原理与实现…………………………………………………8
 2.3.1光伏发电系统对逆变电源的要求……………………………………………… …8
 2.3.2逆变电源的原理与电路结构…………………………………………………….....9
 2.3.3逆变电源主电路功率器件的选择……………………………………………….....10
 2.4光伏发电系统的基本原理…………………………………………... ……………………10
 3 三相光伏并网系统硬件电路的设计…………………………... ………………………..12
3.1三相光伏并网系统硬件电路的设计方案…………………………... …………………....12
 3.2 DC/DC变换电路……………………... …………………………………………………..13
       3.2.1 Boost升压电路…………………... ………………………………………………...13
       3.2.2光伏发电系统DC/DC Boost升压斩波电路…………... ………………………….15
3.3DC/AC变换电路…………………………... …………………………. ………………..…15
 3.4 TMS320LF2407DSP控制单元…………………………... ……………… …………….....17
 3.4.1DSP芯片和技术的介绍…………………………... …………………………… …..17
 3.4.2选用DSP芯片的理由…………………………... …………………………………...20
 3.4.3利用DSP芯片的控制电路……………………... …………………………………...20
 3.5滤波电路……………………... …………………………………………………………....24
4 三相光伏并网系统主要研究技术………………………………………………. ……......25
 4.1最大功率转换追踪控制技术………………………………………………. ……. ……..25
 4.2 孤岛效应检测与保护技术………………………………………………. ……. ……… 26
5  总结……………………………………………………………………………………………29
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………..... ….30
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………... ......31