西门子PLC和变频器控制四层电梯

论文编号:DQ346   论文字数:22775,页数:65 附程序

 摘  要
 可编程序控制器是一种能够适应多种工业环境的控制装置，其稳定的性能受到广大工业生产者的好评。这种控制系统具有极高的可靠性和灵活性。应用面广、功能强大、使用方便，是当代工业自动化的主要设备之一。变频技术的发展推动了PLC的应用。它应用大规模集成电路，微型机技术和通讯技术的发展成果，逐步形成了具有多种优点和微型，中型，大型，超大型等各种规格的系列产品，应用于从继电器控制系统到监控计算机之间的许多控制领域。
 PLC在电梯控制上的应用主要体现在它的逻辑开关控制功能。由于可编程控制器具有逻辑运算，计数和定时以及数据输入输出的功能。在电梯控制过程中，各种逻辑开关控制与PLC很好的结合，很好的实现了对电梯的控制。
 本文阐述了可编程控制器PLC在电梯控制系统中的应用，主要介绍了4层电梯的可编程控制器控制系统的总体设计方案及设计过程，对I/O点数的分配与估算、PLC的选型、电梯运动流程的规划、梯形图的绘制等进行了详细阐述。最后通过系统安装，现场调试，成功验证了程序的可行性，实现了电梯运行中的自动选向、自动到达目的层、呼叫记忆等功能。
 本文共分为五个章节，分别是绪论部分、电梯的概述以及可编程控制器的简介、组态王、数据口分配、梯形图、结束语。
 第一章：绪论。
 主要介绍了可编程控制器的概念，以及简单地概括了可编程控制器PLC在电梯中的应用，也着重阐述了研究PLC设计电梯系统的目的、意义及内容。并且具体的指出本次设计我需要做的工作。
 第二章：组态的概述。
 第三章：数据口的分配。
 本章是实验系统的硬件设计部分。通过电动机I/O点数的计算、内存估算以及响应时间等诸多因素，选择出适合本次设计所需要的硬件，以达到预期设计的要求，这为完成设计走完了第一步。
 第四章：梯形图设计。
 主要介绍了实验系统的软件设计工作，以及完成本次设计PLC的输入信号的地址分配和输出接口的地址分配，这对于后期的安装调试工作是非常关键的步骤。
 第五章：结束语。
 详细介绍PLC的特点及整个设计过程。
关键字：电梯；PLC；控制系统；变频器
 ABSTRACT
    Programmable controller is a kind of able to adapt to a variety of industrial environmental control device of its stable performance by the majority of industrial producers. This control system has high reliability and flexibility. A wide range of applications, powerful function, convenient use is one of the main equipment in the contemporary industrial automation. Frequency conversion technology to promote the development of the PLC application. It applies the large scale integrated circuit, the miniature machine technology and the communication technology development achievement, gradually formed a variety of advantages and micro, medium, large, super large specifications of the various series of products, applied from the relay control system to the monitoring computer between many control field.
    The application of PLC in elevator control is mainly reflected in its logical switch control function. Because the programmable controller has the logic operation, counting and timing and data input /output function. In the elevator control process, each logical switch control and the PLC very good union, very good realization to elevator control.
    This paper expounds the PLC programmable controller in elevator control system application, mainly introduced 4 elevator PLC control system the design and the design process, the I/O points distribution and estimation of selection, PLC, elevator movement process planning, ladder diagram drawing in detail. Finally, system installation, commissioning, successfully verified the feasibility of the procedure, realizes the operation of elevators, automatic to automatic arrival destination layer, call memory functions.
    This article altogether divides into five chapters, respectively is the introduction part, the elevator is outlined and the programmable controller introduction, Kingview, data distribution, ladder diagram, the ending.
    The first chapter: introduction.
    Mainly introduced the programmable controller of the concept, and summarized the PLC programmable controller used in elevator, but also focuses on the study of PLC design of the elevator system for the purpose, significance and content. And the specific points out the design of the work I need to do.
    The second chapter: configuration overview.
    Chapter third: data distribution.
    This chapter is the part of the hardware design of experimental system. Through the motor I/O point calculations, estimate and the memory response time and other factors, select suitable for the design of the hardware, in order to achieve the desired design requirements, the first step to complete the design completed.
    The fourth chapter: the design of ladder diagram.
    Mainly introduced the experiment system software design work, and the completion of the design of the PLC input signal to the address allocation and output interface address assignment, this for the latter part of the installation and commissioning work is a key step.
    The fifth chapter : conclusion.
    PLC detailed introduction of the features and the whole design process.

Keywords:  , PLC, control system, design
目 录
摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 2
1.2.1 微处理器控制研究 2
1.2.2 PLC控制电梯的研究现状 3
1.3 研究意义 4
1.4 研究目的 5
1.5 研究内容 5
1.6 论文结构 6
第二章 组态软件概述及设计 7
2.1 MCGS组态软件的概述 7
2.2 MCGS组态软件常用术语 9
2.3 MCGS组态软件的功能和特点 11
2.4 MCGS组态软件的操作方式 12
2.5 MCGS组态软件的工作方式 14
2.6 组态通信连接 15
2.7 编写控制流程程序 16
2.7.1电梯外呼下行程序 16
2.7.2电梯内呼下行程序 20
2.8 MCGS组态监控 21
2.8.1建立实时数据库 21
2.8.2 动画组态 22
第三章 四层电梯硬件设计和数据口分配 24
3.1 电梯的结构及运行原理 24
3.2 电梯控制的技术要求 26
3.3 本设计四层电梯控制系统的要求 28
3.4 控制方案确定 29
3.5 电梯控制系统原理框图 31
3.6 主电路设计 32
3.7 变频器选择 33
3.8 I/O接口分配及PLC型号选择 35
3.8.1 电梯输入信号分配及说明 35
3.8.2 电梯输出信号分配及说明 36
3.8.3 可编程序控制器的介绍 37
3.8.4 PLC机型选择 39
3.9 PLC外部接线图 40
第四章 电梯程序梯形图设计 41
4.1软件安装 41
4.2软件流程图 43
4.3软件梯形图程序设计 45
4.4 梯形图程序仿真调试 53
第五章 总结与展望 55
致 谢 56
参考文献 57