标准电阻自动巡检装置设计

论文编号:CK135   论文字数:10494,页数:34

摘  要

     目前国内，标准电阻检定都是通过电桥人工检定。手动检定装置比自动的费工费时，效率低下，且有人为因素影响。因此标准电阻自动巡检装置的开发大大增加了工作的效率。在专用测量系统方面，环顾当今社会，信息技术的迅猛发展，各行各业无不转向智能化、自动化、集成化。无所不能的计算机的应用为虚拟仪器的推广提供了良好的基础。虚拟仪器的概念就是用专用的软硬件配合计算机实现专用设备的功能，并使其自动化、智能化。因此，虚拟仪器适合于一切需求计算机辅助进行数据存储、数据处理、数据传输的计量场合。测量与处理、结果与分析相脱节的面貌将大为改观。一切计量系统，只要技术上可行，都可用虚拟仪器代替。文章主要介绍了实现标准电阻自动巡检的一种装置，用步进电机实现转盘的拨动，而步进电机的转动则是依靠PC控制，使用的软件是LabVIEW图形化的编程语言。实现PC机控制电机转动就是依靠单片机系统，整个单片机系统由控制芯片SRC89C52RC和通信芯片MAX232组成，实现了下位机和上位机的通信。

关键词： 标准电阻，自动巡检，步进电机，LabVIEW，单片机
Abstract

      Currently, standard resistance tests are tested through the bridge. Manual test equipment  is time-consuming and inefficient than the automatic, and it includes the human’s factors. Therefore, the development of standard resistance automatic inspection equipment greatly increased efficiency. In the dedicated measurement system, looking at today''s society, the rapid development of information technology, all industries and businesses all turned to intelligence, automation, integration. The use of all-powerful computer provides a good basis for the Promotion of virtual instrument. The concept of virtual instrumentation is to use a dedicated software and hardware which is in coordinated with computer to achieve the function of special equipment , and its automation and intelligence. Therefore, the virtual instrument is suitable for all needs of computer-assisted data storage, data processing, data transmission measurement occasions. Measurement and processing, results and analysis phase will be greatly changed. In measuring system, as long as technically feasible, it is available instead of the virtual instrument. The paper introduces a kind of device to realize the standard resistance’s automatic inspection ,with stepper motor toggle dial, while the stepper motor rotation is to rely on PC control ,the software for use LabVIEW graphical programming language. PC-controlled motor rotation is to rely on a SCM system, and the SCM system is composed control chip called SRC89C52RC and a communication chip called MAX232 , achieving a lower machine and host computer communication.

Keywords:  standard resistance,automatic inspection,stepper motor,LabVIEW, SCM

目 录

1 前 言........................................................................1
2 总体方案设计................................................................3
2.1  系统总体结构.............................................................3
2.2  系统硬件结构.............................................................4
2.3  系统总体软件流程.........................................................5
3 步进电机控制系统设计.......................................................6
3.1 步进电机控制系统结构框图..................................................6
 3.2 运动机构—步进电机57BYGH..................................................6
3.2.1 步进电机特性.........................................................6
     3.2.2 步进电机技术参数.....................................................9
3.2.3  电机外形与接线图....................................................9
3.3 驱动机构—驱动器ST-25H...................................................10
     3.3.1 驱动器特点 11                            
      3.3.2 驱动器连线及引脚说明................................................11
3.3.3 使用说明............................................................12    
3.4 连接机构—单片机最小系统.................................................14
3.4.1 主芯片STC89C52RC...................................................14
4上位机与单片机的通信.......................................................17
4.1 LabVIEW程序结构的组织结构................................................17
4.2 微机与单片机的通信协议...................................................17
4.3 串口通信硬件电路.........................................................17
4.3.1 芯片介绍............................................................17
4.3.2  MAX232外围电路.....................................................18
4.4 主机通信软件实现.........................................................19
4.4.1 基本功能模块介绍....................................................19
4.4.2 基本步骤............................................................20
4.4.3 下位机串行通信程序..................................................20
4.5 步进电机控制程序设计.....................................................22
5 系统的调试..................................................................24
5.1 单片机最小系统调试.......................................................24
   5.1.1 硬件的调试..........................................................24
 5.1.2 软件的调试..........................................................24
 5.2 LabVIEW软件测试..........................................................24
 5.3 整个系统实物图...........................................................25
6  总  结.....................................................................26
 致  谢.....................................................................27附  录.....................................................................29