步进电机控制器（IGBT）的研制

论文编号:ZD953    论文字数:13393,页数:40

摘    要

 本设计介绍了单片机在步进电动机控制领域的应用技术，以通用的AT89C52系列单片机为基础，系统到讲述了单片机与步进电动机之间、单片机与步进电动机驱动电路之间的应用技术。
 论文分硬件和软件两个部分分别对这个系统进行了详细的阐述。在硬件部分，首先阐述了单片机的选择并对其原理和引脚进行了说明；同时也详细介绍了步进电动机的类型、工作原理和工作方式、按键输入电路和LED显示电路；在此基础上设计了步进电动机的驱动电路从而实现步进电动机的位置控制和速度控制，在硬件部分设计完成后，也设计了相应的软件以来配合实现功能。
 实验结果表明：系统硬件和软件设计合理可行，圆满的完成了既定的开发任务，实现了所有的预定功能，且运行性能良好。结构化的硬件设计方法以及模块化的软件设计法使得系统具有较好的通用性和可扩展性。
 
关键词:AT89C52单片机;反应式步进电动机;速度控制；

Abstract

 This design introduced MCU in Step Motor control domain application technology, take the general AT89C52 series MCU as the foundation, the system narrates the MCU and step Motor, the MCU and step Motor drive electric circuit application technology.
 The paper divided the design as two parts that are the hardware and the software .which have separately carried on the detailed elaboration to this system. In the hardware part, first elaborated the MCU choice and has carried on showing to its principle and the pin; Simultaneously in detail introduced step motor type, the work principle and the working way, the pressed key input circuit and; In this foundation, designing has step motor drive electric circuit to realize step motor position control and the speed control. After the hardware part design, system has designed the corresponding software to coordinate the realization function.
 The experimental result indicated that, the system hardware and the software design reasonable and feasible .complete the development task, and has realized all predetermined functions. And also the performance characteristic is good. The structurized hardware design method as well as the modular software design method enables the system to have the good versatility and the extendibility.

Keywords： AT89C52 MCU; The equation step motor; Speed control;

 
 目    录
前言……………………………………………………………………………………………1
1 概述……………………………………………………………………………2
1.1 设计的提出依据和意义………………………………………………………………2
1.2 电动机的主要类别及选择……………………………………………………………3
1.3 计算机控制技术的发展………………………………………………………………3
1.4 微型计算机简介…………………………………………………………………………3
1.5 设计的总体方案…………………………………………………………………………4
2  硬件设计…………………………………………………………………………5
2.1 单片机的选择……………………………………………………………………………5
2.2  IGBT的选择…………………………………………………………………………… 7
2.3 时钟电路的设计………………………………………………………………………… 8
2.4反应式步进电动机的工作原理和工作方式………………………………………8
 2.4.1 反应式步进电动机的结构…………………………………………………………8
2.4.2 反应式步进电动机的工作原理…………………………………………………10
 2.4.3 反应式步进电动机工作方式……………………………………………………11
2.5 步进电动机的驱动电路的设计………………………………………………………15
2.6 按键设计………………………………………………………………………………16
2.7 电路连接……………………………………………………………………………… 17
3  软件设计………………………………………………………………………………18
3.1 步进电动机的主流程图………………………………………………………………18
3.2 定时中断流程图………………………………………………………………………19
3.3 键盘部分设计…………………………………………………………………………20
3.4 步进电动机速度以及步进流程图……………………………………………………22
结论与展望…………………………………………………………………………………24
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………25
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………26
附录A步进电动机驱动器(IGBT)设计硬件电路图……………………………………… 27
附录B 源程序………………………………………………………………………………28